The temperature has risen sore throat what to do. Causes of sore throat with fever. bacterial diseases of the throat

In a healthy person, body temperature can be from 35.6 to 37.1 ° C. In young children, it is allowed to increase to 37.2 in the evening. In what cases is the temperature considered elevated and when should it be reduced? Readings above 37.2 ° C in adults and children are called fever or hyperthermia. According to the recommendations, the antipyretic is taken when the temperature reaches 38.5 ° C.

Causes

Sore throat and fever occur with viral, bacterial, fungal and mixed infections. The most common diseases are:

pharyngitis;
acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI, acute respiratory infections);
flu;
diphtheria;
paratonsillar abscess;
mononucleosis;
measles;
meningococcal infection.

An acute respiratory viral infection can be suspected after contact with a sick person. The virus enters the body with inhaled air and droplets of saliva. Through the nasal passages, it descends to the mucous membranes of the tonsils, larynx, and trachea. Within hours or days, the virus multiplies and causes characteristic symptoms.

Typical signs of a viral infection include:

a sharp increase in temperature;
pain in muscles and eyeballs;
headache and weakness;
sore throat;
the duration of the disease is from 7 to 10 days.

Pharyngitis and laryngitis are classified as manifestations of acute respiratory infections. They occur with fever, sore throat, dry cough that does not bring relief. The main symptom of laryngitis is a change in voice, which becomes hoarse or completely disappears. Influenza refers to viral infections, but has a known pathogen. With a decrease in immunity, the virus can cause viral pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pleurisy. The elderly and children are more likely to develop complications. Therefore, with influenza in such categories of patients, a mandatory examination by a doctor is necessary.

Acute tonsillitis, which is called tonsillitis, is accompanied by a sore throat and high fever. It can be viral, bacterial or fungal in nature. More often the disease is caused by streptococci. With angina, pus or plaque forms in the lacunae of the tonsils. The temperature can reach 39-40 °C. The pain in the throat is severe. Sometimes it makes it impossible to eat for several days. On examination, enlarged lymph nodes and reddening of the uvula, palate, palatine arches are revealed.

Diphtheria is a dangerous disease that can lead to death. There are few cases of illness, as mandatory vaccination has been introduced. Diphtheria is accompanied by fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes. A characteristic feature is the formation of films on the tonsils and palatine arches. In addition to the oropharynx, the disease affects the heart and nervous system. Paralysis of the respiratory muscles can lead to death.

Measles is a viral disease that causes a fever of up to 40°C, a maculopapular rash, conjunctivitis, and a sore throat. There is also hoarseness and enanthema (red spots on the hard and soft palate). Meningococcal nasopharyngitis is accompanied by sore throat, weakness, fever up to 38 ° C, nasal congestion. The course of the disease is favorable. In rare cases, it precedes a generalized meningococcal infection, which may present with meningitis and sepsis.

Peritonsillar abscess often occurs as a complication of another disease. It is manifested by a temperature of 39-40 ° C, difficulty in opening the mouth and an unpleasant odor from it. Without treatment, it can be complicated by mediastinitis (spread to the chest organs) or blood poisoning.

Infectious mononucleosis is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Signs of the disease include an increase in the submandibular and occipital lymph nodes, fever, chills, sore throat, enlarged liver and spleen.

When do you need to urgently see a doctor?

Call an ambulance or immediately consult a doctor in such cases:

the temperature has risen above 39 ° C;
it is impossible to swallow saliva;
cough has a barking character;
when breathing, whistling wheezing is heard;
the temperature does not decrease after taking antipyretic drugs, the state of health increases and worsens;
there was a severe headache, photophobia, convulsions;
there was a loss of consciousness;
there are white films on the tonsils;
the temperature drops for 1-2 hours, and then it returns to the previous value;
a painful formation protruding above the skin is visible on the neck;
there is difficulty breathing and swelling of the airways;
sick child under the age of 1 year.

Which doctor treats fever and sore throat?

Therapy for these symptoms may be prescribed:

Therapist.
Pediatrician.
Infectious disease physician.
Otolaryngologist.

The initial examination is carried out by a therapist or family doctor. If necessary, the patient is referred to narrow specialists.

Features of treatment

The method and duration of treatment depend on the pathogen and the severity of the disease. The general practitioner or otolaryngologist selects drugs based on age, body weight, sensitivity of microorganisms to antibacterial and antifungal drugs.

Viral infections are treated with a special regimen, diet and non-specific measures. In the early days, semi-bed rest and good rest are important. The room is often ventilated and wet cleaning is carried out. Symptomatic treatment: antipyretics (Nurofen, Paracetamol), expectorants (Abrol, ACC), local antiseptics (Lizobakt,).

It is important to drink plenty of fluids (2-2.5 liters per day), as it is lost due to hyperthermia. With a decrease in appetite, eat light, low-fat foods in small portions. In severe cases, Tamiflu and Relenza are used. Taking antiviral drugs has no proven value. The disease lasts 7 days, regardless of their intake.

Antibiotics must be prescribed for bacterial tonsillitis and paratonsillar abscess. More often used, Amoxiclav, Sumamed. Lack of adequate therapy can lead to myocarditis, glomerulonephritis, sepsis.

Pharyngitis and laryngitis are treated with topical agents. These can be sprays (Tantum Verde, Ingallipt), rinse solutions (Chlorhexidine, Chlorphyllipt), lozenges (Septifril, Strepsils). It is necessary to reduce the load on the vocal cords - talk less, eat liquid food or in the form of mashed potatoes, stop smoking.

In diseases such as meningococcal infection and diphtheria, hospitalization is mandatory. Antitoxic serum is used to treat diphtheria. With a decrease in swallowing, hormones (prednisolone) are used. To remove toxins intravenously administered albumin, rheopolyglucin, glucose. With meningococcal infection, an antibiotic (levomycetin) and prednisolone are prescribed.

If the symptoms of the disease occur repeatedly, you can not start taking medications on your own. Respiratory viral infections, hypothermia has similar manifestations with more severe diseases. If the temperature persists, pain when swallowing, headache for more than three days, you need to see a doctor.

Why is this condition dangerous?

Fever and sore throat can lead to the following complications:

Pneumonia.
Pulmonary edema.
Croup (acute attack of suffocation).
Myocarditis (damage to the heart muscle).
Glomerulo- and pyelonephritis (kidney damage).
Sepsis (blood poisoning).

Temperature and sore throat can accompany both the common cold and more dangerous diseases (diphtheria, paratonsillar abscess). It is difficult to identify them at home, so it is important to contact a specialist in time.

Useful video about diseases that cause sore throat

Sore throat with a temperature of 38-39 degrees indicates the occurrence of infectious diseases, such as influenza, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, and so on.

If the treatment of these diseases is not timely, then this may affect the work of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and heart.

When the throat is red, the discomfort may be increasing, subsiding, or permanent. If such a condition lasts for a year and does not stop after treatment with all kinds of drugs, then most likely the disease has acquired a chronic form.

However, a sore throat in an adult with a temperature of 39 degrees can occur at any time, but often this phenomenon reminds of itself in the evening and at night.

In addition, according to localization, the pain can be one-sided or cover the entire throat. Unpleasant sensations that gather in one direction often indicate the presence of an abscess, injury, or tonsillitis.

Bilateral discomfort indicates the presence of systemic pathologies:

oncohematological;
renal;
endocrine.

And the pain, localized in the lower region of the throat, signals that an inflammatory process is acting in the epiglottis. Also, discomfort in the throat is a frequent companion of many diseases of the respiratory tract.

Moreover, if such a condition is treated using inhalations, rinses and aerosols, then this will only eliminate the symptom, but will not get rid of the disease itself.

Lack of treatment for serious diseases such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, or damage to the pharynx can contribute to the development of complications.

Therefore, with a sore throat, with a temperature of 38-39 degrees, it is necessary to make an appointment with the ENT.

Causes

Red throat and high fever can occur due to the following factors:

allergy;
viral infection (herpes, mononucleosis, influenza);
dry air;
staphylococcal and streptococcal infections;
hypothermia;
prolonged and strong rise in voice;
irritation of the mucous membrane with alcohol, chemicals, tobacco smoke;
lack of sleep, chronic fatigue;
throat injury.
long-term treatment with immunomodulators, antibiotics, chemotherapy.

Diseases that are characterized by a red throat are:

, inflammation of the larynx and pharynx, sinusitis, adenoiditis.
Iron-deficiency anemia.
Ulcer or stenosis of the esophagus, reflux esophagitis, gingivitis.
Venereal diseases.
Tuberculosis.
Abscess or caries of the teeth.
Osteochondrosis of the cervical vertebrae.
Tumor formations.
Stomatitis, the presence of blisters and ulcers in the mouth.

The red throat is often itchy, with coughing, soreness, and sneezing. The patient often complains of foreign body sensations and dryness of the pharynx.

The cervical lymph nodes also increase, chest discomfort occurs, and the voice becomes hoarse and deaf. There is also a feeling that someone is pressing on the neck. As a rule, infectious diseases are accompanied by symptoms of intoxication, high temperature (38-39) and chills.

With a viral infection, pain in the throat is accompanied by an unproductive cough, hoarse voice, rhinitis and fever. If the body is affected by bacteria, fever and lymphadenitis appear. In the absence of proper therapy, complications such as glomerulonephritis, rheumatic heart disease or tonsillitis develop.

In some cases, they occur without fever. Often this phenomenon appears when foreign objects, for example, leftover food, enter the throat. When they sharpen in the throat, suffocation develops.

In addition, with stomatitis, pain in the larynx causes ulcers. And people suffering from chronic pharyngitis, reflux esophagitis, tumors also experience discomfort in the throat without fever.

In an acute form of inflammation of the tonsils and pharynx, pain can radiate to the ear. In this case, it becomes more intense in the evening, and this condition is accompanied by intoxication. Along with this, tinnitus appears, as a result of which the patient begins to hear poorly, and sometimes suppuration is noted.

In diphtheria, scarlet fever, measles, and chicken pox, the ears and throat are sore and inflamed. If an acute inflammatory process occurs in the pharynx, then in addition to the damage to the posterior wall, the nearby lymphoid tissue becomes inflamed. The patient also has a slight pain and sore throat, and his general condition is normal.

Scarlet fever is a pathology of an infectious nature that occurs as a result of streptococcal infection entering the body. This disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

red throat;
pain;
redness and rashes on the skin;
the tongue turns bright red.

Moreover, discomfort in the throat can occur with diphtheria. With this disease, fever, swelling and the respiratory system are affected. Treatment of such a pathology is carried out only in stationary conditions.

With tonsillitis, severe pain in the throat occurs abruptly, while lymphadenitis develops, muscles and the head hurt. This condition is often accompanied by fever (39 degrees). There may also be no appetite, and the tonsils become large and covered with a white coating.

Pulsating pain, localized in one side, is characteristic of a paratonsillar abscess. At the same time, the patient's temperature rises to 39-40 degrees, which is complemented by a feeling of weakness and weakness.

In addition, discomfort in the throat is a common symptom of allergies, which is complemented by such manifestations as:

runny nose;
swelling of the face;
lacrimation;
redness of the skin.

In the presence of reflux esophagitis, gastric juice is thrown into the upper esophagus. As a result, the mucous membrane of the pharynx is irritated and a sore throat occurs.

During physical activity, the patient has difficulty breathing and there is a feeling as if there is a lump in the throat. Still all this is complemented by belching and heartburn.

If there is a swelling in the throat, then the patient experiences constant pressing and dull painful sensations.

When the formation grows into nearby tissues, the pain becomes unbearable, so it can only be eliminated by taking narcotic painkillers.

Diagnostics

In order for the red throat to stop hurting, it is necessary to identify what causes this condition. For this purpose, the ENT interrogates the patient, listens to his airways and makes a pharyngoscopy.

At the same time, a swab is often taken from the throat to study the microflora and establish the sensitivity of bacteria to a particular group of antibiotics. Additional diagnostic methods include measuring the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the esophagus, x-rays of the neck and chest.

Treatment

First of all, the patient should not overstrain the inflamed ligaments. So, he needs to talk less, not smoke and drink plenty of fluids, which will soften his throat. In addition to antiseptic rinses, you can dissolve lozenges that have an antibacterial effect and take antitussive lozenges.

Symptoms that require immediate treatment to the ENT include:

labored breathing;
red throat, accompanied by strong painful sensations;
dizziness;
high temperature (39-40 degrees);
vomit;
cough;
nausea;
abdominal discomfort.

diet therapy

The diet for sore throat, pharyngitis and other diseases of the throat should be sparing. So, for the duration of the disease, salty, sour, peppery and hot foods should be abandoned. The priority should be dairy products - yogurt, kefir, cereals.

In addition, do not forget about the warm drink, thanks to which you can remove intoxication, prevent dehydration and remove toxins from the body. Therefore, it is useful to supplement drug treatment with the use of fruit drinks, warm mineral water, tea, compotes and infusions.

Warm drinks help to activate blood circulation in the throat, they soften it, relieving itching and dryness. And it is better to refuse alcoholic, carbonated, hot or cold drinks.

Drug treatment

A red sore throat should be treated with gargles using disinfectant solutions such as Furacilin, Chlorophyllipt and Chlorhexidine. In addition, every 2 hours you can apply solutions of iodine, soda and salt. And to soften the mucosa, it is recommended to rinse with a solution of hydrogen peroxide (3%), which also has a bactericidal effect.

In addition, a complex treatment of a sore throat is carried out. For this purpose, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial sprays are used - Geksoral, Kameton, Yoks.

To get rid of a sore throat or pharyngitis, the doctor prescribes sprays such as Bioparox, Tantum Verde or Miramistin. However, before treating a red throat with such remedies, you need to make sure that their components do not cause an allergic reaction.

In addition, patients need to dissolve lozenges and lozenges - Falimint, Septolete and Strepsils. Corticosteroids and antihistamines (Zodak, Zirtek) can also be prescribed, with the help of which inflammation, pain, redness and swelling are removed.

With infectious angina, antibiotics may be prescribed. As a rule, penicillins and cephalosporins are used:

Cefotaxime;
Amoxiclav;
Suprax.

If the pain is very severe, then Ketanol or Nurofen is prescribed. And to activate the body's defenses, Imod is prescribed, which is taken four times a day for 10 days.

Physiotherapy

Red throat can be treated with physiotherapy. Thus, aerosol therapy is a gentle and effective method that has a strong analgesic effect.

Inhalations with the addition of essential extracts, herbal infusions and ultrasonic inhalations with saline or mineral water well eliminate unproductive coughs, soften the mucous membranes and facilitate the functioning of the respiratory organs.

In addition, an inflamed throat can be treated with vibroacoustic effects and magnetotherapy. These procedures normalize microcirculation and improve innervation and trophism.

Moreover, with their help, you can remove congestion and activate the influx of leukocytes that localize the pathogenic microflora. Such treatment allows you to strengthen the immune system, relieve pain and remove the inflammatory process.

In addition, it is useful to act on the inflamed tonsils and the back wall of the pharynx with a laser. This procedure is very effective, it uses a special tip through which the laser beam affects the problem area. It is worth noting that the impact can be internal or external.

The leading place among infectious ENT diseases belongs to angina, the causative agents of which are streptococcal (80%), staphylococcal bacteria (10%), or they attack the body together. Tonsillitis is very dangerous with the possibility of the formation of phlegmon, abscesses, and the development of rheumatism. Therefore, if the temperature rises to 39 degrees and the throat hurts, immediately call a doctor. But do not lose your vigilance, visit the clinic, even if the temperature is subrefilal (37): angina is very insidious, it often disguises itself as SARS.

How can diseases with the same symptoms be distinguished

Most pathological conditions have similar symptoms: sore red throat and fever combined with cough, runny nose. Moreover, the amplitude of fluctuations in body temperature is purely individual for each person from 37 to 38, and even 39 degrees with the same inflammatory processes.

Symptoms common to tonsillitis, influenza, pharyngitis, SARS, laryngitis: the onset of the disease is sudden, acute; weakness, pain in the head and throat, due to an increase in intoxication of the body. What kind of infection struck a child or an adult, correctly diagnosing diseases is the prerogative of the therapist. However, each disease has symptoms inherent in its development. Let's list the main differences.

Angina

Pathogenic bacterial flora (streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci) affects the tonsils, this is the main symptom. Infection from person to another person, the way is airborne. Tonsillitis usually begins after severe hypothermia. The pathogenic flora is activated faster in people with insufficiently high immunity, so babies and pensioners get sick more often. Acute tonsillitis can develop when pathogens enter from teeth affected by caries, as well as from the nasal cavity with sinusitis, sinusitis.

The main signs of catarrhal angina:

In the absence or incorrect treatment, the catarrhal form can be transformed into follicular with dotted papules or lacunar (tonsils covered with plaque) purulent tonsillitis. The further development of the disease is especially dangerous for health: the death of tonsil tissues, their ulceration or extensive purulent fusion.

A large abscess may form, a large edema that prevents free breathing.

Complications of tonsillitis: myocarditis, rheumatism, endocarditis, sepsis do not threaten the patient if he is treated according to the doctor's prescriptions, and not the neighboring witch's grandmother or the greedy journalists of the yellow "medical" press.

Pharyngitis

Inflammatory viral (rarely bacterial) disease of the pharynx. The main differences with tonsillitis are:

pain in the head and aching muscles of the body is less intense than with angina;
intoxication is less strong;
temperature fluctuations: 37–38 and a half degrees;
sore throat evenly over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe pharynx, gives into the ear; its characteristic - burns, tickles;
the presence of a cough (at first dry, then productive);
possible runny nose.

If you drink warm (50 C) liquid during pharyngitis, the pain subsides. With sore throat after hot tea, the throat hurts more.

Laryngitis

The main causes of the acute form of the disease in children are infectious pathologies measles, mumps, diphtheria, and allergies. In adults, these are viral lesions and overstrain of the ligaments. Symptoms:

scratching in the throat, dryness, irritation, perspiration;
pain and soreness during coughing, swallowing, speaking;
average degrees of temperature 37–37.4
the voice disappears or the timbre of the sound is hoarse, hoarse;
weakness, rapid fatigue;
cough dry, unproductive;
rhinitis or stuffy nose all the time.

Often in adults, laryngitis is a temporary phenomenon, however, the lack of treatment is dangerous by the transition of the disease into a phlegmous (or catarrhal) edematous purulent form, in which a violation of the breathing regimen is possible.

Against the background of laryngitis in babies due to improper artificial feeding, from rickets, hydrocephalus or spasmophilia, laryngospasm may develop. Its symptoms are expressed by convulsive closure of the throat fissure, constriction of the pupils, convulsions of the limbs, loss of consciousness for a matter of seconds. It is important to quickly bring the child to consciousness: from afar, give a sniff of cotton wool moistened with ammonia, spray the face with cool water. Immediately call an ambulance in order to avoid recurrence of seizures. If necessary, doctors perform intubation.

In adults, a similar convulsive situation of a reflex increase in excitability can occur after severe irritation of the muscles of the throat with pungent substances, gases, and also when a foreign body (bones, crumbs) enters the larynx. Symptoms of laryngospasm: a sharp cough, suffocation when it is impossible to inhale, hyperemia, cyanosis of the face.

SARS

The causative agents are viral pathogens. Very often, angina is a complication of an untreated ARVI, so be sure to consult a doctor if you have the following symptoms:

subfebrile temperature from 37 degrees;
cough wet or dry;
stuffy nose, runny nose;
a little sore throat or in the throat it hurts, pershit.

The acute degree of the disease lasts from 5 days, then there is a decrease in temperature.

Flu

The symptoms of a viral pathology are in many ways similar to ARVI, however, the course of the disease is more severe, very similar to a sore throat:

in the throat, redness of the palatine arches, pain, however, there is no purulent lesion of the mucous membrane;
muscles are very aching;
high temperature from 38–39, under 40;
headache;
powerful intoxication of the body;
cough, rhinitis;
feeling of weakness, weakness;
fever, alternating heat with chills.

The average time for the course of influenza is from 7 to 11 days. Complications are dangerous: tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, which are fraught with the development of asthma, pulmonary fibrosis.

The flu is often confused with a cold from hypothermia, which is characterized by a mild, transient malaise: the temperature rarely rises to 37 degrees. The throat practically does not hurt, only a slight perspiration and voice hoarseness are felt. The nose is blocked, but there is no runny nose. Doctors for colds recommend home treatment: warming up the legs, gargling with saline, increasing the consumption of warm milk with tea.

Diphtheria

As soon as Leffler's sticks begin to multiply, a powerful intoxication of the body occurs. Extensive swelling of the throat may form, which causes instant suffocation in children, since the mucous membrane of the larynx is loose. At first, the signs of diphtheria and tonsillitis are similar, later (after 1-3 days) the following picture of the disease appears:

significant lymphadenitis of the neck;
swelling of the throat and palate, sharp pain;
ulcers with gray purulent films covering the tonsils, palate, back wall of the larynx;
the temperature rises sharply from 37 to 39 degrees.

The disease is especially dangerous for its rapid development of airway obstruction.

Venereal diseases

Often the doctor, listening to the patient's complaints about pain in the throat, temperature, sends for examination to a gynecologist and blood tests for AIDS, syphilis. Damage to the tissues of the throat occurs with chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV infections. It is characterized by the formation of erosions and ulcers on the tonsils, due to the reproduction of spirochetes.

The symptoms of venereal diseases closely resemble those of tonsillitis, it is important to get a quick examination and start timely treatment.

Cancer

The most dangerous disease is laryngeal cancer, the symptoms of which are often disguised as tonsillitis, SARS, an allergic reaction, so it is detected too late. To prevent its occurrence, do not smoke.

Signs of oncological disease of the throat of the initial stage:

Late signs of cancer: tooth decay, sore throat and gums are not relieved by typical painkillers (analgin, nurofen). Constant hoarseness, hoarse voice. Putrid odor on the breath in the mouth and nose. Shortness of breath, difficulty swallowing due to edema. Hemoptysis, inflammation of the lymph nodes.

The sooner a person comes to the doctor, the greater the chance of recovery and survival.

Allergy

Today, immune responses are widespread due to the disgusting environment, poor-quality food, and counterfeit drugs. Sore throat and fever are formed due to the increased production of histamine in response to allergens, and this leads to damage to the larynx. There are the following forms of diseases:

allergic pharyngopathy, laryngitis and tracheitis. The symptoms of immune reactions are similar to those of ARVI and influenza, however, they are additionally characterized by the occurrence of edema of the mucous membranes of the pharynx. What does the person feel:

pain, fever and tingling, itching, sore throat;
headache;
the temperature is subrefilal (37) or may become higher;
dry sharp cough, discomfort of a foreign body in the throat;
the nose is stuffed up, or flows constantly from it;
hoarseness, hoarseness (allergic laryngitis);
choking, accompanied by squeaking, whistling from the throat when breathing;
pain in muscle tissues;
weakness.

The main danger of allergies is the development of Quincke's edema, which causes a complete narrowing of the throat, as well as anaphylactic shock. Without antihistamine therapy, it is impossible to relieve seizures, therefore, if hyperemia of the face, lips, throat occurs, it is urgent to call an ambulance.

Diseases of the teeth

Symptoms of unexpected severe sore throat and high fever often occur with dental diseases associated with inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. This is stomatitis (in children, the temperature is 37 or higher). As well as periodontitis, caries, if a flux or ulcers form on the gums. In this case, the swelling spreads to nearby tissues, there is an increase in the lymph nodes, the pain in the throat radiates to the ear area.

If there is no infection

In addition to especially dangerous diseases, the throat can get sick with vegetovascular dystonia, when the spasm is of a nervous nature and the pain is manifested by a feeling of inability to swallow a certain “lump”.

Smoking increases the risk of irritation of the mucous membranes, leads to tissue swelling and pain. Sore throat with gastric reflux, due to dysfunction of the gastroesophageal sphincter. Trauma to the mucous membranes of the larynx can cause acute discomfort.

With frequent hoarse crying, loud long singing, muscle strain occurs, and the throat also hurts.

For any disease, it is not recommended to self-medicate before visiting a doctor, otherwise the picture of the disease will change, it will not be clear enough for proper diagnosis and treatment.

A temperature of 38 C, accompanied by a sore throat, most often indicates a cold. As a rule, when the throat hurts, people associate it with the onset of a sore throat. However, this is wrong. Angina or acute tonsillitis is a separate disease caused by streptococcus. In addition to angina, there are many other infectious (or non-infectious) diseases accompanied by sore throat. In medicine, these pathologies are divided into bacterial, fungal, viral or allergic. Also, it may be due to the functioning of the lymphatic system or problems with the teeth. The acute period of the disease is accompanied by a sharp increase in temperature and sore throat - this is the body's response to the onset of inflammation. This leads to the fact that the patient cannot even take a sip without pain, even ordinary breathing brings him real suffering. The process of breathing has a direct connection with the trachea and any slightest violation of it can lead to negative consequences.

Each type of disease requires individual treatment. Let us consider in more detail the causes of the condition when the throat and high temperature hurt, as well as the features of the treatment of each type of cold. It must be remembered that knowing all the necessary information is not a reason for self-treatment. The sooner you go to a doctor who will make the correct diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate treatment, the faster and easier you will recover.

The general background of the disease has the following symptoms:

nausea and vomiting;
difficult swallowing;
red throat, accompanied by pain that prevents sleep, eating and swallowing;
diarrhea;
general weakness;
labored breathing;
hypoxia (lack of oxygen);
heart failure;
dyspnea;
dizziness;
cough;
abdominal discomfort;
an increase in body temperature up to 38 C, which is not knocked down by any antipyretics;
a white or gray coating is noticeable on the throat;
an increase in lymph nodes in the neck, neck and armpits;
swelling of the face and neck;
the presence of pus in the throat;
the appearance of a rash on the body.

In what cases you need to see a doctor

When the throat hurts and the temperature is 38, what should I do? How to treat, or maybe self-medicate? This directly depends on the general condition of the patient and additional symptoms. Therefore, if, in addition to the above symptoms, there are: sore throat such that it is simply impossible to swallow even saliva; breaks the body; with each inhalation and exhalation, a whistle is emitted; cough like dog barking; if the throat hurts and the temperature of the baby rises up to 6 months; febrile state lasts more than 3 days - immediately call an ambulance.

Causes

They are divided into two main types: infectious and non-infectious.

Infectious diseases

They differ in the type of pathogen:

bacterial infection;
fungal infection (mycosis), accompanied by a white curdled coating in the tonsils, vesicles and cracks in the mouth. Breastfeeding women may develop thrush (on the nipples);
pharyngitis;
laryngitis;
tonsillitis (inflammation of the tonsils).

In infectious diseases, inflammation of the nasopharynx, oral mucosa, bronchi and lymph nodes can be observed.

Noncommunicable diseases

injuries of the pharyngeal mucosa;
overvoltage of the vocal cords;
burn of the larynx;
drinking cold drinks when it's hot.

All of these factors can not only cause a high fever and sore throat, but also greatly increase the likelihood of infection.

Infectious viral diseases

The reason for the development of infection is the development of pathogenic microflora in the area of the nasopharyngeal mucosa:

Angina is the most common cause of sore throat. This disease is accompanied by a sharp increase in temperature to 38 and even higher. The main symptoms: headache, redness, swelling, ulceration of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, severe pain and swelling in the throat; the patient has difficulty swallowing, speaking and moving. Such manifestations are the result of a violation of the microflora, the presence of infections and viruses in the body.

With angina, inflammation can even be observed in the palate, under the tongue, on the tonsils and larynx. You should be aware that untimely treatment of angina can lead to very serious consequences, up to a complete cessation of breathing, and only a specialist can correctly identify the nature of the disease and its consequences.

Types of angina

- catarrhal angina is characterized by a sudden onset, temperature 39, redness and swelling of the mucosa;

- lacunar tonsillitis is accompanied by a severe course and severe swelling of the throat;

- follicular angina is characterized by a sharp increase in body temperature and very severe symptoms (covering the entire nasopharyngeal area with follicles);

- herpetic sore throat is the result of infection with the Coxsackie virus and has symptoms similar to ordinary flu;

- fibrinous tonsillitis is accompanied by sharp pains, fever, general intoxication and white plaque on the tonsils; - ulcerative necrotic tonsillitis is characterized by bad breath;

- phlegmonous tonsillitis - a complication after other types of tonsillitis, accompanied by a hoarse voice and requires urgent surgical intervention.

There are many different factors that cause a sore throat and a temperature of 38, often without a direct connection:

Occupational diseases are manifested in an adult whose work involves frequent and active conversations. As a result, the muscles of the vocal apparatus are overstressed and a sore throat appears.
Pathologies of the thyroid gland, in which there is a feeling of pain and tightness in the neck.
Neuralgic diseases can affect the peripharyngeal region (swelling of the roots).
Throat injuries (fish bone stuck in the esophagus).
Gastritis (reflux).
Difficult childbirth.
Cervical osteochondrosis.
Herniated discs.
Radiculopathy.
Retrolisthesis.
Heart disease (angina pectoris, ischemia, heart attack), in which there is difficulty breathing and sharp pain in the anterior cervical region.
Oncological diseases, when lymph nodes are affected in the process of metastasis development.

All these diseases do not have severe viral symptoms (except for sore throat, cough and fever).

Treatment

How to treat a throat? Only an otolaryngologist can prescribe the correct treatment for throat diseases. Antibiotics of a different spectrum of action, rinses, decoctions, desensitizing agents and immunomodulators can be used. Their main purpose is to remove plaque and restore the mucous membrane. In more serious cases, the patient is hospitalized for opening abscesses and further complex treatment with the use of physiotherapy.

Infectious diseases

Infectious diseases, known in medicine as acute respiratory infections, ARVI or ARI, mean the entry into the body of a certain virus that affects the tonsils, larynx and nasal passages. In some cases, the disease can spread to the lower respiratory tract. Acute viral infection is characterized by a sharp increase in body temperature, pain in the head and eyes, drowsiness and general malaise.

Viral diseases

Viral diseases should not be treated with antibiotics. It is better to use special antiviral agents, of which there are a great many in our time: suppositories (Viferon, Kipferon), tablets (Cycloferon, Anaferon), nasal agents (IRS-19), Derinat). With an advanced form of the disease, Relenza or Tamiflu, which are issued exclusively by prescription, can be prescribed. All antiviral drugs are excellent for laryngitis, viral tonsillitis, infectious mononucleosis, etc.

bacterial infection

If a child has a cough and sore throat, it is urgent to consult a doctor, and not self-medicate. Most mothers try to treat their child with antibiotics, not knowing that they can only be used for a bacterial infection. Only a pediatrician can confirm its presence in a child's body after a special examination. Timely treatment in such cases is very important, otherwise dangerous bacteria can spread to the lungs and bronchi, and the baby can get pneumonia or bronchitis. To determine the right antibiotic, you should take a culture for sensitivity (a swab from the pharynx). This procedure can take a very long time, therefore, doctors recommend using penicillins (Flemoxin, Amoxiclav), macrolides (Sumamed) or cephalosporins (Supraks) before receiving the results of the analysis. The most effective treatment for bacterial tonsillitis is Augmentin.

fungal infection

Fungal infection is determined without any laboratory testing. For its treatment, special antifungal drugs are used: Nystatin, Fluconazole and Miconazole. For more serious cases, antibiotics are prescribed to suppress pathogenic microflora.

Laryngitis

With laryngitis, only complex treatment is prescribed: antihistamines ("Zodak"), anesthetics, anti-inflammatory drugs ("Nurofen"), inhalations.

Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis must be treated on time, otherwise complications may arise on the joints, kidneys and heart.

Firingitis

With pharyngitis, more attention should be paid to the nasopharynx. Drops and sprays are prescribed to relieve inflammation of the back wall.

During pregnancy

Women during pregnancy are required to be more attentive to their health: eat right, avoid contact with infection. If, nevertheless, there is a sore throat, cough and a temperature of 38, it is necessary to start rinsing with saline and soda solutions. In any case, you should consult a doctor so as not to harm the unborn child.

Despite the fact that the treatment of the throat depends on the nature of the disease, there are ways to alleviate inflammatory processes:

Rinsing can completely eliminate the development of complications after infectious diseases. These can be solutions of soda and salt, decoctions of medicinal herbs (eucalyptus, chamomile), pharmaceutical preparations (propolis tincture). Due to rinsing, the cough disappears, the lacunae of the tonsils are cleansed of bacteria and pus.
Irrigation of the tonsils with Ingalipt and other antibacterial sprays is excellent.
Anesthetic sprays (Strepsils) help relieve sore throats.
Special lozenges for the throat can completely cure you, get rid of the infection and relieve pain ("Doctor MOM").
Resorption agents such as Tonsilotren increase immunity.

Thus, if you have a cough, sore throat, accompanied by fever up to 38, take an antipyretic and urgently visit the ENT. When prescribing antibiotic treatment, be sure to complete the treatment. During treatment, do not forget to drink more, observe sleep and nutrition. Treatment at home is possible only with a mild form of infection. If the treatment does not help for more than three days, a specialist consultation is necessary.

When, that is, the temptation to independently establish a diagnosis: a cold.

After that, choose the most treatment methods for an adult or a child.

Doctors have a different approach. Similar symptoms may indicate a viral, bacterial, allergic, fungal, traumatic or other cause.

Each incident is considered individually.

Therapy that helps cure one ailment may be completely powerless for another.

What to do with the pathologies described above? Temperature indicators.

A healthy person is the owner of body heat, which is in the 35.6-36.9-degree range.

Such conditions do not cause any discomfort or unpleasant signals. Such values are referred to as "normal".

In the case of an increase in numbers to the levels of 37-38-degree values, doctors are already talking about the regime of a "subfebrile" phenomenon.

Such heat is characteristic of pathological aggressions of respiratory or bacterial origin.

The next bar, which describes the temperature anomalies of the body, is called "febrile".

Usually, this is a 38-39-degree milestone. Some patients with such phenomena are at risk for health.

It is the febrile band of a thermal state that may require the use of medications to reduce fever.

If the patient's thermal state approaches 39 or 41, then we are talking about an extremely dangerous category called "pyretic".

Immediate intervention required. The best way to bring down these high numbers is with the help of injections.

The phenomena of hyperpyretic thermal regime (over 41 ° C) occurs in rare cases. Calling an ambulance is what the immediate reaction should be.

With sore throat and temperature readings of 38 ° C, what to do? Treat yourself or lay the responsibility on the doctor?

The decisive role will be played by the condition of the patient and the presence of additional clinical signs.

You may need to call an ambulance immediately if:

Pronounced pain in the pharyngeal part, when saliva is not swallowed, and it flows out of the mouth;
Breathing is accompanied by whistling sounds;
Cough like barking dogs;
These symptomatic incidents occur in a baby under the age of six months.

Other cases may warrant seeking help from a doctor.

Moreover, the following signals can serve as a mandatory appeal:

The thermal reaction cannot be brought down by available means to reduce heat;
The manifestation of coughing began;
The fever does not go away after three days;
The thermometer shows a decrease in indicators for no more than a 2-4 hour period;
The back wall of the mouth area is covered with a light coating or gray dots;
An increase in lymph nodes is found, moreover, at least in one area: the occipital, neck, jaw or armpits.

Doctors have a number of reasons why the throat part of the mouth hurts, and there are indicators of subfebrile or febrile body heat. Let's get to know them.

Viral infections

It is the respiratory origin of the disease that is attributed in most cases to symptoms in the form of a 38-degree fever and painful touch in the throat.

In the medical field, such ailments are ARVI-, ARI- and ARI-designations.

This verdict means that some parts of our body have become a victim of aggression from a virus that has struck and settled, for example, in the nasal passages, tonsils or larynx.

Sometimes infectious agents move to the lower limits of the respiratory canals.

The viral nature of the acute course of infirmity is characterized by a sharp start, manifested in a rapid increase in temperature, the appearance of aches, general malaise, pain in the eyes and head.

Often a person loses his appetite, becomes drowsy and lethargic. Treatment of this stage with antibacterial agents is considered inappropriate.

In such cases, it's time to resort to antiviral drugs.

Today, pharmacies are full of a variety of effective medicines for this purpose, for example, they are successfully treated with: Anaferon, Cycloferon, Isoprinosine (tablets); Genferon, Kipferon (suppositories); Derinat, Grippferon, IRS-19 (nasal drops).

More severe situations may require the use of strong formulations such as Tamiflu or Relenza. These medicines are available by prescription.

Antiviral drugs are successful when treating a patient suffering from laryngitis, pharyngitis, nasopharyngitis, viral type tonsillitis, infectious mononucleosis and others.

Moreover, the peculiarity of these ailments is that they have hyperemia of the pharynx and increased fever.

When and how to use antibiotics?

When curing both adults and children with antibiotics, extreme caution should be exercised.

Solving the problem on your own with antibacterial drugs is not only ineffective, but also a dangerous technique.

Not all infirmities, even such as tonsillitis, are treated with antibiotics.

In addition, the names of such strong drugs may differ depending on the type and degree of the course of the disease and the individual characteristics of the person.

The use of these funds is justified only in case of bacterial infection.

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And confirmation of the diagnosis can only be obtained from a doctor, moreover, after a clinical and laboratory type of research.

Bacterial infectious agents can cause tonsillitis (or acute tonsillitis), pharyngitis; meningitis and others.

Microbes can cause significant anomalies in the thermal regime of the body, sometimes showing a 39-degree mark on the thermometer scale.

The deterioration of well-being is observed rapidly. With untimely treatment, harmful bacteria pass to other organs, affecting them and creating new diseases.

So, illiterate or untimely treatment can lead to damage:

Bronchov;
hearts;
Kidney;
Bones;
vision, hearing;
The development of pneumonia and other problems with ENT organs.

Prescribing a specific antibacterial drug is a painstaking and careful process. Initially, seeding for a sensitive function is performed.

Doctors take swabs from the throat for research. By the way, it takes time to conduct such a diagnosis, but the results are worth it.

On the other hand, without waiting for a response, physicians recommend therapeutic drugs aimed at a wide area of influence.

So, they offer healing: penicillin (, Flemoxin, Amoxiclav); fluoroquinolone (Ciprofloxacin, Gatifloxacin); cephalosporin (Supraksom, Cefatoxime); macrolide (, Sumamed).

fungal infection

The fungal origin of the infection can manifest itself in the form of the above symptoms. It can even be diagnosed visually.

Here are some indicators: the thermometer fixes a 38-degree mark, the development of thrush on the nipples, the presence of bubbles and cracks in the mouth, the mucous surface of the throat area and tongue is dotted with a light coating.

Treatment is reduced to the use of medicines against fungi of local and general influence.

So, they are treated with Fluconazole, Nystatin, Miconazole. Sometimes antibiotics are used.

Bring down the temperature?

Taking simply antipyretic drugs, a person runs the risk of bringing the disease to a chronic form or acquiring complications.

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However, children under one year old and pregnant women are allowed to reduce temperature symptoms even at 37.6 ° C.

The patient's tendency to a convulsive state or pathological manifestations of the human nervous system may indicate that he will need to reduce fever at 38.

This can be done with non-hazardous means: Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Analgin, Ibuklin.

Aspirin should not be used by children under 15 years of age, expectant and nursing mothers.

At all times, for any illness, an important process of healing was: adherence to bed rest and the use of folk remedies.

Rest is needed to restore defenses, and folk remedies - to relieve symptoms and strengthen the immune system.

Drink more teas, compotes, decoctions, fruit drinks. Much of what you need to drink during treatment is very tasty. So, there will be a pleasant recovery!

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