Causes and treatment of diarrhea with blood in an adult. How to treat diarrhea with blood in adults? Bloody diarrhea and fever in humans

A red mark on toilet paper is a reason to see a doctor. This is a signal of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. In combination with loose stools, it is a symptom of some diseases. A doctor should judge the causes of diarrhea with blood in an adult. You can independently study the factors that most often cause this condition. Complete information about the condition with bloody diarrhea will allow the doctor to expedite the final diagnosis.

Emergency conditions

What to do if you have diarrhea with blood depends on additional symptoms. Do not delay calling an ambulance if severe diarrhea is accompanied by the factors described below.

Loose stools with blood on the background of elevated body temperature

A high temperature is a potential sign of a bacterial infection in the body. For example, the multiplication of microbes in places where food is stuck in the intestines. This pathological condition is called diverticulitis. This acute status requires hospitalization and involves taking antibiotics, which must be prescribed by a doctor.

Black stool with diarrhea

Black diarrhea is not necessarily dangerous. Do not call emergency services if you have eaten beets, black grapes, or certain drugs. For example, iron supplements and activated charcoal. In these cases, a coloring effect is possible. Fecal masses acquire a dark shade, up to black.

However, if these foods are not included in the diet, the dark color of the feces may become due to bleeding in the upper intestines. Exacerbation of peptic ulcer, liver cirrhosis, the appearance of neoplasms is an incomplete list of possible culprits. It is impossible to postpone a visit to the doctor if there is a threat of such serious diseases.

Severe pain with diarrhea

Rule out food poisoning. If your stomach hurts and you suffer from diarrhea with an admixture of blood without a direct connection with the consumed stale food, the help of a doctor is needed immediately. This condition can be caused by an infection, an exacerbated ulcer, colitis, tumors in the upper intestines or stomach.

It is impossible to ignore pain in the abdomen with diarrhea, as well as to use painkillers. An early diagnosis increases the chance of a speedy recovery.

Possible causes of blood and mucus in the stool

If there is no reason to immediately call an ambulance, schedule a consultation with a specialist in the near future. The doctor is more likely to determine the cause of blood in loose stools if you describe in detail the data, including:

family history;
diet
recent travels;
the use of drugs (especially antibiotics);
transferred operations;
weight loss or gain;

The predisposition to intestinal ulcers, the development of malignant tumors, autoimmune diseases is genetically determined. Passed on from parents to children. Tell your doctor about such illnesses in relatives. Tell if loved ones have experienced diarrhea recently, even if a specific diagnosis has not been identified.

From travel, in addition to impressions, with an unfortunate turn of fate, they also bring infections. In developing countries, diseases associated with bloody diarrhea and nausea are among the leading causes of death in children. Adults are also susceptible to infection by life-threatening bacteria. The World Health Organization cites data that intestinal infections annually claim two million lives on Earth.

Diarrhea with blood shortly after returning from abroad is a possible indication of the onset of internal bacterial processes. Depending on the country you come from, you will need to have your blood tested for antibodies to specific bacteria and viruses. A stool test is required. The attending physician will consult in detail.

Taking antibiotics increases the risk of developing dysbacteriosis. It can cause stool disorders, including diarrhea with small bloody streaks. This disruption of the bowel is determined by examining feces.

Weight loss is a signal of malfunctions in the body. Of course, if there is no connection with physical activity and diets. Reducing body weight, accompanied by frequent diarrhea with blood, is a strong argument in favor of a full examination. Progressive tumor and Crohn's disease can be serious causes of unpleasant symptoms.

Crohn's disease is an autoimmune disease. The body's own defense cells attack the intestinal tissue for unknown reasons. This chronic condition is accompanied by inhibition of reactions, speech. Crohn's disease sufferers have a slender physique. Diarrhea occurs regularly, with an exacerbation it is colored with blood.

Blood in stool is scarlet or dark

What kind of blood was found during bowel movements - fresh scarlet or dark, is important when looking for causes. The hue tells which area of the gastrointestinal tract the blood came from.

Dark or black coloration indicates that problems should be looked for in the upper intestines or stomach. The blood is exposed to enzymes and has a clotted consistency at the exit. Sometimes such bleeding can be detected only with the help of tests.

Scarlet fresh blood in liquid stools gives rise to suspect disorders in the colon or anus.

The appearance of bright blood on the surface of the feces is associated with hemorrhoids or anal fissures. They are common in adults of both sexes. Both conditions involve discomfort during defecation. Possible itching and burning in the anus. With the passage of solid feces, intense pain is felt at the site of the defect in the mucous membrane. With diarrhea, the pain is less pronounced. Vomiting and nausea in this case should not accompany loose stools.

Chronic diarrhea or one-time severe diarrhea

It is important to record cases of loose stools with an admixture of blood. It's easy to chalk up occasional bouts of diarrhea to poor-quality food or a weak stomach. So people live for years with dysbacteriosis or Crohn's disease without receiving treatment. The body weakens, and it becomes more difficult to defeat the disease with each missed month.

If diarrhea with blood caught you by surprise and there were no similar incidents within the last three months, banal food poisoning is possible. Frequent urge to defecate and the liquid consistency of the stool is short-lived. In this case, the mucus and blood in the feces should completely disappear after a maximum of three days.

You should consult a doctor to exclude severe intoxication and dehydration. The doctor will prescribe dietary supplements and probiotics. They will ease the symptoms.

If you are familiar with cases of bloody diarrhea, you cannot do without a comprehensive diagnosis.

So, depending on additional symptoms and circumstances, diarrhea with blood in an adult can cause diseases such as:

malignant tumors;
bacterial and viral infections (salmonellosis, dysentery, etc.);
diverticulitis;
haemorrhoids;
anal fissures;
stomach and duodenal ulcer;
Crohn's disease;
dysbacteriosis;
intoxication as a result of food or alcohol poisoning.

Treatment of diarrhea with blood

It is important that the appearance of blood in the stool is not a disease in itself. This is a serious symptom, the elimination of which does not solve the problem. What caused the bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, the profile doctor will establish. Therefore, the first thing to do when you see blood and mucus while going to the toilet is to decide on medical assistance.

If the condition is characterized as urgent, an ambulance should be called. Otherwise, schedule a visit to a gastroenterologist.

Any sick person has access to ways to alleviate the general condition of diarrhea.

Fighting dehydration

Diarrhea causes critical fluid loss. Dehydration has the potential to disrupt the body's systems. In this case, the necessary salts are lost. Restoring the water-salt balance is the first stage of self-help at the first signs of loose stools.

To do this, you can use pharmaceutical preparations, such as Regidron. Another option is to prepare the solution yourself. Dissolve a teaspoon of table salt in a liter of clean warm water, take it internally.

It is difficult to overdo it with drinking with diarrhea. Make a choice in favor of berry decoctions or pure water. The use of sweet carbonated water, tea or coffee will cause a diuretic effect, aggravating the pathological condition.

Reception of sorbents

Intestinal sorbents prevent the absorption of poisons from the intestines. Helps to remove dangerous toxic substances from the body. These drugs are safe and help both children and adults recover from diarrhea.

Drugs are sold in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription, for example, enterosgel, smecta, polyphepan. Activated charcoal will cope with the task no worse, the main thing is to correctly calculate the dosage.

However, sorbents cannot influence the causes of the appearance of blood in loose stools and are used only as self-help measures before a visit to the doctor.

Use of probiotics

Preparations Linex, Bifiform, Acipol contain bacteria necessary for the normal functioning of the intestine. They help to correct the balance of the intestinal flora. Loose stools due to antibiotics are normalized by long-term use of these supplements.

Important! The described methods of treatment work in the fight against diarrhea, but are insufficient when blood and mucus are found in the stool.

A medical examination will exclude serious diseases and start therapy in a timely manner.

Serious pathologies and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract) can cause diarrhea with blood. With such a violation, you need to go to the hospital, especially if it is accompanied by high fever in an adult, weakness and pain in the abdomen.

Why does red mucus appear in stool? What to do if bloody diarrhea lasts more than two days, and the patient's condition does not improve?

Diarrhea is always dangerous due to dehydration, especially if it is profuse and lasts more than two days. But when various impurities appear in the stool, for example, blood or mucus, you need to seek help immediately.

Causes of diarrhea with blood:

Infectious diseases such as dysentery, enteritis or salmonellosis. Against the background of these diseases, a person develops liquid blood stools with an admixture of mucus. The number of bowel movements can reach 15 times a day. The patient is concerned about pain in the abdomen, and the body temperature rises.

Peptic ulcer, tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The stool becomes almost black. This happens when bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the blood has time to bake, so the feces are black. With the formation of small ulcers on the mucosa of the esophagus, diarrhea with blood always appears. With an open ulcer in the feces, blood can constantly be released in small portions. This should alert the person.
Hemorrhoids and anal fissures. If diarrhea appears with scarlet blood, this means that the blood has not yet had time to clot and the bleeding area is located near the anus.
Diverticulitis. The cause of this disease is inflammation of the intestine. Diarrhea with blood for this reason can occur in people over 40 who move little and prefer to lead a sedentary lifestyle.
Internal bleeding also causes diarrhea with clotted blood, the color of the feces is dark, closer to black.
Oncological diseases. With a tumor, red feces in an adult becomes the norm.

The cause of diarrhea with blood can be ulcerative colitis or dysbacteriosis. The blood in the stool in this case is in the form of clots or veins.

It is impossible to find out the cause of diarrhea with blood on your own.

Be sure to seek treatment for this condition:

black stools, this may indicate severe bleeding or the presence of neoplasms;
diarrhea in an adult is accompanied by a drop in blood pressure, weakness and pallor;
if diarrhea with an admixture of blood occurs against the background of pain in the abdomen or is accompanied by high body temperature.

In the above cases, the patient needs hospitalization to determine the cause of this condition and treatment.

Stool with blood and mucus

Mucus in red stool can appear with a tumor, ulcerative colitis, infectious diseases, tuberculosis, and even hormonal disorders. In this case, medical assistance is necessary to conduct a complete examination and find out the cause.

With an infectious lesion of the intestine, it is necessary to follow a diet and refrain from everything fatty, sweet and spicy.

The cause of diarrhea with mucus can be poisoning. If the disorder caused the use of spoiled foods, then it is better to refrain from eating at first. You can start eating only after the normalization of the stool. What should be done to restore normal stool?

Adult treatment:

Recovery of loss of fluid and electrolytes. To do this, you need to drink electrolyte solutions.
Taking sorbents and astringents to remove toxins and normalize stools. Activated charcoal is suitable as such a tool.
Taking prebiotics to restore the intestinal microflora, because diarrhea always leads to a violation of the microflora. An effective drug is Acidolac.

Fasting will help stop the disorder of the stool.

What types of diarrhea with blood exist and their causes?

Varieties of bloody diarrhea

There are such types of diarrhea with blood in an adult:

With streaks of bright blood.
With scarlet blood.
Red feces with fever.
Green stool with blood.

Consider what provokes the occurrence of each type of diarrhea with blood.

High fever accompanied by red stools may indicate poisoning. If a person has a fever and diarrhea with blood, this may be the result of a bacterial infection, such as staphylococcus aureus, dysentery, or salmonellosis. The urge to void is frequent, and the feces may turn green.

Green stools with streaks of blood indicate not only a bacterial infection, but can also appear when eating a large amount of greens, impaired metabolic processes or intestinal microflora, as well as bleeding.

Scarlet blood is a very serious cause for concern. It can appear with bleeding, a tumor in the intestine or a hemorrhoid.

What to do?

Initially, you need to find out why an adult has red feces. After diagnosis, treatment is aimed at normalizing the stool.

If a person has diarrhea due to an infection, you need to take antibacterial agents. During antiviral therapy, it is necessary to replace the loss of fluids and minerals in order to prevent dehydration with severe diarrhea. This can be done using rehydration solutions, for example, Regidron.

Be sure to prescribe antibiotics to the patient, mainly drugs of the fluoroquinol group (Ofloxacin or Ciprofloxacin).

To maintain the intestinal microflora, you can take a course of treatment with probiotics. Among the effective drugs are Linex and Bifiform.

In addition to medicines, folk remedies will come to the rescue:

Infusion of chamomile leaves. To prepare the medicine, you need to take 15 g of dry grass and pour 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 3 hours in a thermos. Drink infusion 4 times a day, 30 ml, preferably after meals.
Tincture from this collection: 2 tbsp. l. cinquefoil, 2 tbsp. l. burnet root and 3 tbsp. l. shepherd's bag pour 200 ml of boiling water. Drink 30 ml 5 times a day.

With severe pain in the abdomen and vomiting, you need to be treated in a hospital. Some causes of diarrhea with an admixture of blood can be life-threatening.

An adult needs medical attention if the following symptoms occur:

temperature above 38 degrees;
age over 60;
abdominal pain and vomiting;
black feces;
scarlet blood in the stool;
dehydration.

Self-medication in such cases is not permissible. Without timely medical care, the patient's condition can quickly deteriorate, because, for example, with open bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract, the patient's outcome can be deplorable.

The appearance of bloody stools always indicates more serious problems than just indigestion. To avoid complications, it is necessary to take therapeutic actions immediately after the first symptoms of the disorder. To find out the cause, undergo an ultrasound scan and take tests.

To eliminate harmful substances from the body, a protective mechanism is used - vomiting and diarrhea. The appearance of several symptoms at the same time indicates a pathology of the digestive tract, and blood inclusions indicate internal bleeding or dysfunction of internal organs.

Causes

The presence of bloody diarrhea along with vomiting indicates the presence of:

erosive gastritis;
ulcers of the stomach or intestines;
malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract;
infections.

When a symptom appears, food intake is excluded on the first day. Then you can eat in small portions, but without spicy, fatty or salty foods. You need to drink a lot to avoid exhaustion and normalize electrolyte balance.

What diseases

There is bloody vomiting and diarrhea due to the following pathologies:

peptic ulcer of the stomach;
pulmonary bleeding;
varicose veins located in the stomach or intestines;
stomach or duodenal cancer;
bleeding of the vessels of the stomach or duodenum 12;
internal hemorrhoids;
inflammatory processes: colitis, pancreatitis;
erosive gastritis.

Infectious diseases:

rotavirus;
staphylococcus;
dysentery;
salmonellosis.

They lead to the appearance of bloody vomiting and diarrhea, which requires prompt medical attention.

Diagnostics

To eliminate the symptoms, it is important to understand what disease led to the onset. For this, diagnostics are carried out using the following methods:

ultrasound procedure;
endoscopy - examination of the internal state of the stomach;
analysis of urine, feces;
enteroscopy - examination of the abdominal cavity;
sigmoidoscopy - examination of the condition of the rectum.

Treatment

To eliminate the manifestations, symptomatic and basic therapy is selected against the cause of the disease.

To prevent dehydration, the Regidron solution is made and consumed 1 or more liters per day. You can make the remedy yourself by adding 4 tablespoons of sugar and salt to 1 liter of water.

Gastritis and ulcers are treated with drugs:

De-Nol - 1 tablet 4 times a day with plenty of water;
Mezim - 1-3 tablets before meals, the course is selected individually.

Infections and bacteria that provoke bloody vomiting are eliminated with antibacterial drugs:

Nifuroxazide - 2 tablets 4 times a day or syrup 10-15 mg 4 times a day;
Levomycetin - 1 tablet up to 4 times a day, the duration of admission is not more than 10 days;
Ofloxacin - 1 tablet 2 to 4 times a day.

In case of food poisoning, absorbent preparations and astringents are used:

activated charcoal - 1 g every day 3 times, the course of treatment of acute diseases is 5 days;
Smecta - 1 sachet is diluted in 50 g of water and used 3 times a day one hour before meals;
Polysorb - 1 teaspoon diluted in 50 g of water, taken 3 times a day one hour before meals;
Atoxil - 2 g is diluted in 150 ml of warm water, taken 5 times a day one hour before meals.

The intestinal microflora is restored with the help of:

Probiotics:

Linex - 2 capsules 3 times a day, the duration is individual;
Acipol - 1 capsule 4 times a day 20 minutes before meals, a course of 7 days;
Bifidumbacterin - 2 sachets are diluted in 50 ml of water and drunk 3-4 times a day 25 minutes before meals.

Prebiotics:

Duphalac - 10 ml 3 times a day before meals, a course of up to 7 days;
Lactusan - 10 ml 2 times a day or before meals, 2 tablets 5 times a day;
Normaze - 10 ml 2-3 times a day.

In the presence of neoplasms in the gastrointestinal tract, according to indications, chemotherapy or surgical removal is prescribed. Self-medication with bloody vomiting and diarrhea is excluded in order to prevent the situation from worsening. A qualified specialist prescribes therapy and medication.

The risk group includes:

children under 5 years old;
people over the age of 60.

Immediate contact with a doctor occurs:

if the pain is rapidly increasing;
there is a large amount of blood in the vomit.

When bloody vomiting and diarrhea lasts more than a day, you need to urgently go to the hospital. Prolonged presence of the symptom leads to dehydration and may indicate a serious illness.

Video

Learn more about intestinal infections that can cause vomiting and bloody diarrhea.

The appearance of vomiting and diarrhea when blood is present in them is a dangerous situation. It means the presence of internal bleeding due to pathologies of the digestive tract. Correct treatment is prescribed only by a gastroenterologist, based on examination data.

The appearance of blood during the act of defecation is considered an alarming symptom, regardless of provoking factors. In the case when blood appears against the background of loose stools (or both symptoms occur at the same time), you should immediately seek medical help, as this indicates a serious pathology. The admixture of blood in the feces is a fairly common symptom in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in adults. That is why it is important to know how diarrhea with blood in an adult manifests itself, the causes of its occurrence and further treatment tactics.

No matter how strange it may sound, but diarrhea (diarrhea) is a protective measure of the body against disease-causing factors that enter the intestines. Thus, the gastrointestinal tract tries to quickly remove the toxic substances that have entered the body, microorganisms and other poisons that come primarily with food.

In addition to these factors, diarrhea is provoked by certain diseases and conditions of the body, in which intestinal motility increases. For example:

lactose intolerance and other forms of enzyme deficiency;
stress and other disorders of the central nervous system;
an allergic reaction to individual components of food;
products with a laxative effect (for example, prunes);
taking medications that have diarrhea as a side effect;
excessive alcohol consumption (or other bad habits).

However, the listed listed can be attributed to relatively "mild forms" of diarrhea, since loose stools disappear soon after the cessation of exposure to the provoking factor. The situation is aggravated when diarrhea occurs with any serious infectious disease (or poisoning), and another serious symptom is added - internal bleeding.

There are many reasons that provoke bleeding in the intestines, and all of them require careful diagnosis and adequate timely treatment, since they can lead to irreversible consequences. The following are the most common causes of bloody diarrhea in humans, but this list is far from complete:

Internal hemorrhoids. The clinical picture in this case is the presence of blood clots in the feces, burning and soreness in the anus. An important point is that bleeding continues for some time after the act of defecation, as evidenced by traces of blood on toilet paper or on underwear.
Infectious diseases for which bloody diarrhea is a specific symptom. Such diseases include dysentery, salmonellosis, paratyphoid A and other infectious enteritis and enterocolitis. In all cases, the general well-being of the patient suffers significantly (weakness, fever, abdominal pain, lowering blood pressure), the frequency of diarrhea can be up to 20 times a day or more.
Nonspecific ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease are systemic diseases characterized by a predominant lesion of the gastrointestinal tract. With damage to the wall of the large intestine (with ulcerative colitis), bright scarlet spotting is observed.
Malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. In this case, an admixture of blood may be the first sign indicating the presence of a decaying tumor.

One way or another, blood in the stool should always alert an adult, regardless of the degree of bleeding and the severity of other symptoms.

The main forms of diarrhea with blood

Diarrhea mixed with blood and mucus

Diarrhea with blood and mucus can appear with infectious diseases (dysentery), intestinal tuberculosis, ulcerative colitis, hormonal disorders, and various kinds of poisoning.

In any case, you need to seek medical help and undergo a comprehensive examination. If the cause could not be established, it is necessary to reconsider your diet: exclude fatty, spicy foods, alcohol, limit the consumption of sweets.

In case of poisoning on the first day, it is best to starve, or limit yourself to a sparing diet (not dairy!). After the normalization of the stool, you can move on to a normal full-fledged diet with an increased intake of vitamins.

Diarrhea and vomiting with blood

If bloody diarrhea is complicated by vomiting, food poisoning should be suspected in the first place. Symptoms often include fever, dizziness, and weakness. In such cases, hospitalization is required in the infectious diseases department, where the patient will be under the supervision of medical personnel. The principles of treatment are reduced to antibiotic therapy and replenishment of the volume of fluid lost with diarrhea and vomiting.

Green diarrhea with blood

A change in the color of feces often indicates the infectious nature of the disease, or intestinal dysbacteriosis. In favor of infectious enteritis, general symptoms in the form of fever and weakness will also speak. In addition to changing the color of the feces, an unpleasant putrefactive odor appears. This color and smell are due to the large number of dead leukocytes that accumulate in the intestine during poisoning.

With dysbacteriosis, the green color is due to a change in digestion, resulting in rotting and fermentation.

Diarrhea with scarlet blood

This form always indicates a serious pathology of the lower gastrointestinal tract. In this case, diarrhea can be either with scarlet streaks, or the stools will be completely painted in scarlet color, which indicates massive bleeding in the intestines. This condition can be observed with internal hemorrhoids, anal fissures, neoplasms in the rectum or sigmoid colon, ulcerative colitis, traumatization of intestinal vessels.

With massive bleeding, patients must be urgently hospitalized for emergency treatment and establishing the source of bleeding.

Small streaks of blood

Features of peptic ulcer

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum is characterized by the formation of erosions and ulcers on the mucous membrane, which, as the organ walls are damaged, provoke internal bleeding. However, as it passes through the intestines, the blood oxidizes and changes its color to black. Black stool (in medical practice it has its own name - melena) is characteristic not only for peptic ulcer disease, but also for any bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, duodenum).

What to do?

As has been said many times before, seek medical attention. The presence of blood in the feces does not reflect the full picture of internal bleeding.

Before the arrival of the ambulance, you need to take a few simple steps:

Drink plenty of fluids. With diarrhea and bleeding, the body loses a lot of water, which ultimately leads to dehydration, low blood pressure, and in severe cases, death.
Replenish not only water, but also salt balance. Violation of the electrolyte (salt) balance is also fraught with serious life-threatening consequences. However, table salt (as many people think) in this case is not a way out of the situation. In the first aid kit, you must always have salt powders, such as Regidron or Glucosan.
In case of poisoning, toxic substances and microorganisms should be neutralized as soon as possible, therefore, sorbents ("Enterosgel") are recommended as first aid.

With diarrhea with blood, both in an adult and in a child, there is no need to self-medicate, since only a specialist can adequately assess the patient's condition, the severity of symptoms and identify the cause!

Diarrhea, or in the common people, diarrhea is one of the most unpleasant symptoms of many disorders of various origins. It is characterized by frequent emptying processes with a change in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the stool, i.e. a person very often has an urge to defecate, while the amount, consistency and color of feces changes. This disease can manifest itself at any age - in youth or old age.

Diarrhea - one of the most frequent bowel disorders, manifested most often manifested in the summer. Mild forms of diarrhea do not cause much harm to the body, but heavy bowel movements are fraught with the development of exhaustion, dehydration and the appearance of hypovitaminosis.

Often there are additional unpleasant symptoms, such as abdominal pain, colic, bloating, nausea up to vomiting, fever.

Diarrhea may be caused by:

violations of intestinal motility;
the presence of various infectious diseases in the digestive tract, as a result, the appearance of toxins in enterovirus diseases, salmonellosis, cholera, food poisoning, etc.;
as a result of uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs;
violations of the normal content of microorganisms in the intestine;
in the presence of violations in the enzymatic system of the digestive tract (fermentopathy);
with hereditary pathologies associated with intolerance to certain products.

Agree, each of us endured this unpleasant experience before a crucial moment or before an exam, and someone took stale food or several incompatible products, which, in turn, led to long sittings in the toilet.

From this it follows that diarrhea with blood in an adult is sometimes not a sign of the presence of a disease. But, if diarrhea lasts more than three days, if it is accompanied by an increase in body temperature, if impurities (pus, blood, etc.) are present in the stool, you should think about the presence of a pathology.

This article will consider conditions in which the content of a certain amount of blood in diarrhea is detected, as well as the causes, methods for diagnosing and treating these pathologies.

Blood is a vital component of our body, a connective tissue consisting of plasma and a cellular link. It circulates in a closed system under the action of heart contractions and normally does not communicate directly with other tissues due to the presence of histohematic barriers.

It is easy to guess that the presence of blood in the cavity of the digestive tract is a deviation from the norm.

So why does such an unpleasant disorder appear?

The culprits for the appearance of blood in loose stools include:

infectious diseases. These include dysentery, inflammation of the intestinal mucosa of infectious origin, salmonellosis, etc. This is not the most common cause of blood in the feces, but it is with these diseases that the stool has an unformed appearance - liquid.

The frequency of urges to the act of defecation can reach up to 20 urges per day. Other symptoms will also be present - sharp pains in the lower abdomen, and symptoms of general intoxication, such as decreased performance, high body temperature, and the presence of fever.

All of these are signs of an infection in the digestive tract. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.

With this pathology, ulcers develop, which can often bleed. Then, the blood, mixed with enzymes and other contents of the upper gastrointestinal tract, acquires a black or coffee color due to the formation of a specific pigment - hemosiderin. Bleeding in these diseases is accompanied by general weakness, increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, nausea, and characteristic abdominal pain.

However, the coffee color of the stool may be due to the intake of certain drugs containing iron ions - Ferum Lek, Kosmofer, Likferr, Ferrostat, Monofer, Venofer. In this case, a change in the color of feces is a normal physiological phenomenon. Cracks in the anus and hemorrhoids.

Very common causes of bloody discharge in the stool. Then the streaks of light blood of a light red color will be visible on the surface of the stool. This type of blood is due to the fact that pouring out from the damaged areas of the anus or hemorrhoids, it is not affected by the enzymes of the digestive system and therefore it does not acquire the color of coffee grounds.

Another sign of the onset of bleeding from hemorrhoids is discomfort, itching, pain and itching during defecation. UC (ulcerative colitis) and Crohn's disease.

These are serious diseases that are caused by chronic autoimmune processes, as a result of which the development of inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal wall occurs. All these processes cause bleeding, in which diarrhea with streaks of blood will be visible. Tumors of the digestive system. Many neoplasms tend to vascularize (formation of new blood vessels in the tumor). When the tumor of the gastrointestinal tract disintegrates or is damaged, hemorrhage occurs.

By the color and nature of the feces, it is possible to approximately determine the localization of the neoplasm: if the stools are black in color, the hemorrhage occurred in the upper gastrointestinal tract, if the blood is scarlet in color and has the form of veins, in the lower sections.

The presence of such a nuisance as diarrhea, especially with blood, involuntarily makes you think: “What needs to be done?”

What to do if you notice bloody diarrhea?

Blood that appears after diarrhea most often appears suddenly, without warning, may be accompanied by severe symptoms. If you find blood impurities in the feces, especially in large quantities, you should immediately consult a doctor and do not waste time, this is fraught with the progression of the disease and a rapid deterioration in the condition.

What to do before providing qualified assistance?

Before the arrival of the ambulance team for diarrhea with blood, measures must be taken to stop frequent bowel movements and restore water and electrolyte balance in the body.

To begin with, you need to take more fluids, preferably mineral water without gas content. Do not drink sugary drinks, alcohol-containing liquids - this will lead to even more dehydration.

When loose stools appear, it is recommended to take enterosorbents (enterosgel, smecta) if you notice the appearance of diarrhea with blood after poisoning with missing or spoiled food. These drugs "attract" various toxins and poisons in the digestive tract and remove them from the body. These are the first measures that can be taken when detecting feces with blood, treatment must be continued after a doctor's examination.

Treatment of loose stools with blood impurities

The main task of treating diarrhea with bloody discharge is to act directly on the cause of the disorder, and not to eliminate the frequent urge to defecate.

The choice of treatment tactics definitely depends on the source of pathology development. If diarrhea with blood is caused by the action of infectious agents, it is necessary to determine their group and select adequate treatment with antibacterial and antimicrobial agents.

Although diarrhea with blood is often not a very dangerous disease, hospitalization of the patient is sometimes required, therefore self-medication is contraindicated. An important stage of treatment is the restoration of water-electrolyte balance in the body.

In recent years, many groups of microorganisms have become resistant to many groups of antibacterial agents. Now doctors prefer to use drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones - Lomefloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin, Pefloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Sparfloxacin, etc.

In special cases, patients need emergency medical care for diarrhea with bleeding.

Such situations include:

old age;
infants under 1 year old;
hyperthermia above 38 C;
painful and severe pain in the abdomen;
vomit containing blood or black vomit;
impaired consciousness, severe dehydration.

If you have digestive disorders, then there is an option to turn to alternative methods of treatment. You can make an infusion of chamomile leaves, drink various herbal preparations.

Prevention

Any disease can be prevented. Similarly, digestive disorders can be “cured” even before they appear. Follow a diet, eat small meals 5 to 7 times a day, and do not eat before bed.

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