Inflammation of the larynx. Why does inflammation of the larynx occur and how it manifests itself. Antibiotics in treatment

Inflammation of the pharynx and larynx is a common disease that affects children and adults during periods of weakened immunity. More often it is diagnosed in autumn and winter, since at this time the frequency of development of respiratory pathologies increases. Pharyngitis is very rarely an independent disease. More often it is combined with other pathological conditions.

General description of pathology

The human throat is lined with a delicate mucous membrane, which actively reacts to any negative factors. It is often diagnosed in middle-aged and elderly people, but it is also common in children. Moreover, the child is dominated by an acute form of the disease.

The throat is anatomically divided into several parts. Pharyngitis (inflammation of the pharynx) in most cases is of a viral or bacterial nature. According to statistics, men are diagnosed with this disease more often than women.

Causes of the appearance of pathology

The causes of inflammation of the pharynx are different: inhalation of dirty or too cold air, infections, exposure to chemicals. Additional provoking factors are:

Fungal or viral infection of the mucous membrane.
Caries, sinusitis, rhinitis.
Individual structural features of the tissues of the pharynx and larynx, as a result of which an inflammatory process often occurs.
Long-term influence of external negative factors: inhalation of smoke, exhaust gases, chemical fumes.
Smoking, alcohol abuse.
Allergy.
The use of certain drugs that contribute to the dryness of the mucous membrane.
Constant tension of the muscles of the pharynx in teachers, singers, announcers.
Violation of the endocrine system, hormonal failure.
Structural features of the facial part of the skull.
Mechanical damage to the mucous membranes.
Diabetes.
Insufficient functionality of the kidneys, liver, respiratory organs, heart.
Reduced amount of moisture in the air.
Hypothermia.
Inflammation of the salivary glands.

Frequent exposure to SARS also causes inflammation of the pharynx and larynx. It is possible to treat pathology at home only after a visit to the doctor. Otherwise, complications are possible.

Classification of pathology

Inflammation of the pharynx can have different localization and cause. Before starting treatment, you need to determine the type of disease. The classification of pathology is presented in the table.

Parameter	Forms
With the flow	Acute. The disease develops rapidly and immediately after exposure to a negative factor. In most cases, the course of such inflammation of the pharyngeal wall is favorable. It can be caused by a bacterial infection. Chronic pharyngitis (inflammation of the throat). It develops as a result of improper treatment of the acute form. Pathology is characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission. Hypertrophic. With this type of disease, all layers of the mucous membrane change (they become thicker), lymphoid formations expand. Atrophic. The mucous membrane in this case becomes thinner, becomes dry, there is a decrease in the glands. Catarrhal. With such inflammation of the posterior pharyngeal wall, its redness is noted. Occurs in 70% of all cases
Due to the occurrence	Chemical. Traumatic. Viral. Bacterial. Fungal. allergic

Inflammation of the pharynx is an unpleasant disease that is accompanied by pain, sore throat and other symptoms. Without timely and proper treatment, complications may occur.

Symptoms of pathology

Common symptoms of inflammation of the pharynx are as follows:

Sore and dry throat, moderate pain.
General weakness.
Slight rise in temperature.
Dry cough.

During a palpation examination of a doctor, an increase in the cervical lymph nodes is noted, and the pain syndrome can spread to the ears. With chronic inflammation of the pharynx, the intensity of symptoms is small. However, the patient becomes more irritable.

Viscous mucus often appears on the affected tissues. Another symptom of the inflammatory process is increased salivation, stuffy ears.

If the pathology is complicated, then it is characterized by such signs:

Strong headache.
A lump and pain in the throat (and not only when swallowing).
Redness of the mucous membranes.
Swallowing problems.

Sometimes the patient's voice sits. In any case, the patient should consult a specialist. But there are cases when he needs urgent help: with prolonged sore throat, which cannot be eliminated by prescribed drugs; loss of voice for more than a week. Do not delay a visit to the clinic with a high temperature, pain in the ears and joints, the appearance of blood in the sputum or saliva. Call your doctor if you have difficulty swallowing or breathing.

Diagnosis of the disease

It is difficult to determine whether acute or chronic pharyngitis (inflammation of the pharynx) only by symptoms. To make an accurate diagnosis, a thorough examination is necessary.

It includes:

Initial visual examination in good light, listening to the patient's complaints and taking an anamnesis.
General and biochemical analysis of blood and urine.
Microscopic examination of sputum.
Pharyngoscopy. It is carried out in good light with the use of a mirror. Sometimes this procedure requires the use of anesthetics (for people with a pronounced gag reflex).
laryngoscopy.
Immunogram.

With a complicated course of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx, tomography may be prescribed. In any case, the diagnosis should be differential. Doctors rarely do without instrumental research methods.

Symptoms and treatment of inflammation of the pharynx largely depend on the type of pathology. However, regardless of the classification of the disease, there are general principles of therapy:

During treatment, a person should stay at home, observe bed rest, and not come into contact with other people, as a weakened body can pick up an additional infection.
Sleep enough hours at night, do not ignore daytime rest. So the body will recover faster, and the immune system will become stronger.
Replenish your diet with foods rich in vitamins and minerals. The menu should consist of easily digestible dishes of soft consistency. They must be warm.
A humidifier should be installed in the room.
In order for pathogenic microorganisms to be eliminated faster, you need to drink enough liquid.
In the fight against pharyngitis, warm compresses based on medicinal herbs will help.

In order to quickly get rid of the inflammatory process, it is necessary to stop smoking and drinking alcohol.

Traditional treatment of the disease

Treatment of inflammation of the pharynx is prescribed by a specialist. It is not recommended to use drugs on your own, as they can aggravate the situation (some drugs greatly dry the mucous membrane). If the acute form of the pathology proceeds without pronounced disorders of the general condition of the body, then symptomatic therapy is prescribed to the person.

The patient usually needs:

Antibacterial agents, as well as antiseptics: Faringosept, Oracept, preparations based on iodine, essential oils, Chlorhexidine, Ingalipt. They kill pathogenic microorganisms, restoring local immunity and helping the mucosa to recover. Most often they are applied in the form of sprays. They are not always suitable for the treatment of children, as they can cause a serious allergic reaction in them.
Antibiotics: sulfonamides, Framycetin. They are necessary if the cause of the development of pathology is a bacterial infection. They are used for at least 5-7 days.
Multivitamin preparations to strengthen general and local immunity.
Lozenges for resorption, which not only eliminate pain, but also reduce the intensity of the inflammatory process: Strepsils.
Inhalations with dimexide, as well as rinsing with decoctions of herbs, solutions of essential oils.
Antipyretics: Ibuprofen, Paracetamol. They should be given to the patient only if the temperature has risen above 38 degrees.
Antiviral: "Cycloferon".
Antiallergic drugs: "Zirtek", "Claritin", "Diazolin". They are used to eliminate swelling of the mucous membranes of the pharynx.

No less useful are physiotherapy procedures. They help accelerate the healing of damaged tissues, enhance the effect of drugs. The most effective are the following procedures: UHF, electrophoresis, darsonvalization. It is also important to eliminate all negative external factors that can provoke the inflammatory process.

Surgery is required in exceptional cases. Most often, chemical or physical cauterization of overgrown foci is carried out. Surgery is necessary for complications of pathology.

Alternative methods of therapy

It is possible to treat inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa at home with the help of folk remedies. In this case, the disease should not be complicated. Herbs help to destroy pathogenic microflora, produce an antiseptic, softening and analgesic effect. The following recipes will be useful:

Bath based on essential oils. For her, thyme or eucalyptus oil is taken. You can also use dry plants. In the second case, 1 liter of hot liquid and 2 tbsp. l. thyme. Water is infused for half an hour. Next, the liquid must be filtered and added to the bath.
Clove buds. They should just be chewed on. 2-3 buds are taken. The procedure is repeated every 3-4 hours. After 1-2 days, the patient's condition improves markedly.
Salty water. It is used for gargling. In 0.5 liters of warm water, dissolve 1 tsp. salt. You need to use the product in a warm form every hour. Swallowing liquid is prohibited.
Chamomile decoction. A warm compress is made from it. Requires 1 tbsp. l. dry flowers and 1-2 cups of boiling water. 5 minutes is enough to infuse. Next, the liquid should be filtered, dip a terry towel into it and attach to the neck. The compress is kept until it cools completely.
Pine cones and needles. They are used for inhalation. It is necessary to steam 20 cones with a glass of boiling water. It is enough to carry out 4-6 procedures for 5 minutes. It is important to take precautions when using the inhaler so as not to burn the throat mucosa. Most often, this remedy is used in the acute form of the disease.
Melissa. This herb is able to eliminate pain and reduce the intensity of the inflammatory process. It is used not only for inhalation, but also for gargling. It takes 15 g of herb per 200 ml of water. It is allowed to replace lemon balm with peppermint.
A mixture of grated horseradish, honey and minced garlic. Each component is taken in 1 tsp. Next, the mixture is poured with a glass of warm liquid. The resulting product should be drunk, stirring occasionally. You can also use it for rinsing.
Aloe juice. They need to treat the affected surface of the mucous membrane.
Potato. An effective way to get rid of pharyngitis is steam inhalation of boiled potatoes.
Ginger. The root of the plant must be crushed, steamed with boiling water and let it brew for at least 20 minutes. You can drink the remedy as a tea. To improve the taste, honey or lemon is added to the liquid.
Collection of herbs. It takes 5 g of yarrow and 10 g of peppermint, rosehip petals. The mixture in the amount of 10 g is poured with a glass of cold liquid and infused for up to 2 hours. You need to take the remedy in a hot form before going to bed, 200 ml each. It is allowed to add honey to the liquid.
Calamus root and chamomile. A decoction is made from these plants. It takes 10 g of root and 200 ml of boiling water. Next, a decoction of chamomile is prepared (15 g of raw materials per 200 ml of hot water). After that, both liquids are mixed and used for rinsing. For each procedure, only 50-100 ml of the product is enough.
Alcohol propolis extract (1 tsp) and peach oil (2 tsp). Both components must be mixed and lubricated with the affected parts of the pharynx. This medicine is more effective in chronic inflammation.

Folk remedies are used for complex treatment after consultation with a doctor. They should not be used alone for monotherapy. Plants are not always able to completely rid a person of a problem.

Possible Complications

If the therapy for inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa was carried out incorrectly, then the patient develops such complications:

The pathological process becomes chronic, and it will not be possible to get rid of it completely.
Peritonsillar abscess. In this case, the vessels and mucous membrane are destroyed, and the infection enters the bloodstream.
Sepsis.
Abdominal abscess.
Tracheitis, laryngitis or bronchitis in a chronic form.
Rheumatism of the joints (acute).
Inflammation of the auditory tube and inner ear.
Lymphadenitis of the neck.
Sialadenitis.
Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.

Some of these complications cannot be eliminated without serious medical treatment. In some cases, surgical treatment will be required, so it is better not to start the disease. In addition, the consequences of pathology can be life-threatening.

Disease prevention

Chronic inflammation of the pharynx is a difficult disease, which is difficult to completely get rid of. It leads to the lack of qualified treatment or self-medication. To prevent chronicity of the process or the development of an acute form of the disease, it is necessary to observe the following preventive measures:

In the cold season, the throat must be kept warm (cold water is also undesirable).
Timely and correctly treat any infectious foci in the body, regardless of the cause of their occurrence.
If a person has problems with the digestive system, then he needs to sleep on a raised head of the bed so that stomach acid is not thrown into the esophagus.
With frequent diseases of the throat, too cold or hot food should be excluded from the diet, as it irritates the mucous membranes.
To strengthen the immune system, take vitamin preparations.
During epidemics of respiratory diseases or forced inhalation of dusty (polluted) air at work, it is better for a person to wear individual protective masks.
Avoid places where smokers are present.
If a person is prone to allergic reactions, then he must take all measures to stop the attack.
Use personal hygiene products and utensils.
Do not forget about the rules of personal hygiene. If it is not possible to wash your hands, you can wipe them with a disinfectant wipe.

Pharyngitis in itself is not dangerous to human life. Its complications can end with deplorable consequences. Therefore, at the first symptoms of the development of the inflammatory process, you need to contact a specialist. It is better to refuse self-treatment.

When the throat becomes inflamed, this is one of the most unpleasant phenomena, signaling the onset of the development of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Often accompanied by severe pain, cough, fever.

In our article we will talk about what reasons are the causative agent of this phenomenon? How to relieve sore throat? What means are effective in fighting the disease?

The vocal cords are characterized by an elastic structure of muscles and connective tissue. Their main function is to create a voice and protect the lungs from foreign agents. In the process of getting air, the ligaments begin to close and open, thereby reproducing sounds. When inflammation of the throat ligaments occurs, the patient narrows the gap between them, which leads to hoarseness or loss of voice.

Symptoms

The symptomatology of the inflammatory process in the throat in various forms of the disease is characterized by common symptoms, manifested by:

pain sensations;
dry cough;
elevated temperature;
weakness;
muscle pain;
difficult breathing;
headache.

Inflammation in the throat can mean swollen lymph nodes. However, they do not always become inflamed in the upper respiratory tract, the focus can be localized, for example, in the ears.

Attention. The acute course of the disease is characterized by a cutting pain in the throat, while the patient has hoarseness or a complete loss of voice. In the presence of such signs, you should immediately consult a doctor to avoid further development of the pathology. Self-medication in this case can only harm.

Causes

To begin with, we note that the cause of inflammation has two characterizing factors:

the causative agent of the inflammatory process is an infection (viral, bacterial);
the disease is non-infectious in nature (strain of ligaments, smoking, exposure to harmful substances).

All diseases that caused inflammation are similar in their symptoms and method of treatment, however, before starting any procedures, it is necessary to determine the area of \u200b\u200blocalization of the focus and conduct a clinical examination of the body.

The inflammatory process in the throat may indicate the development of some diseases, shown in the table below:

Name of the disease	Description of the disease
Pharyngitis	The mucous membrane of the back wall of the larynx becomes inflamed. Accompanied by severe pain that persists for a long time.
Angina (acute tonsillitis)	The palatine tonsils become inflamed, accompanied by acute pain when swallowing. When the inflammatory process reaches the palatine arches and uvula, it is called uvulitis.
	The vocal cords become inflamed, accompanied by sore throat and hoarseness. As a rule, it develops against the background of colds.
Inflammation of the thyroid gland (thyroidin)	Inflammation of the gland in the throat leads to an increase in its size. Small deviations from the norm have been recorded in many people, so often it does not cause additional inconvenience to the patient. Due to its position in front of the throat in relation to the esophagus, there is no pain when swallowing. But with its enlarged state for a long time, it becomes hard and gives the patient discomfort.

All of the above diseases occur against the background of the pathogenic bacterium hemolytic streptococcus entering the human body. However, with pharyngitis, the causative agent is a viral infection.

Perhaps the cause of inflammation is not at all harmless and lies in the presence of severe forms of the disease, such as:

whooping cough;
diphtheria;
pneumonia;
flu.

Accordingly, with such diseases, therapy is carried out in a different way and requires a more serious medical approach. Of course, warm drinking of healing herbal decoctions, inhalations and other procedures can alleviate pain when swallowing, restore breathing, and improve well-being.

However, before gargling with inflammation, you should contact the clinic, where they will conduct a comprehensive examination of the body and the attending physician will make an accurate diagnosis.

Attention. According to experts, some factors can increase the risk of developing an inflammatory process in the throat - smoking, dust inhalation, dry air, weakened immunity, allergies. Inflammation of the follicles in the throat weakens the immune function of the body, so it is very important to follow some rules in combination with drug therapy. You should give up bad habits, walk more in the fresh air, eat right, exercise.

Forms of inflammation

In medical practice, there are several forms of sore throat, respectively, each manifests itself in different ways:

Catarrhal (see). It is considered the most common form. Accompanied by perspiration, dry cough, hoarseness, fever up to 37.5 degrees, loss of voice.
Hypertrophic. An increase in the number of structural elements of the mucous membrane of the larynx. Accompanied by hoarseness. On the ligaments, neoplasms in the form of nodules can be observed (sometimes their size reaches the size of a pin head). Indicates a chronic form of the disease.
Hemorrhagic. It is formed against the background of impaired hematopoietic function, pathological processes in the liver and cardiovascular system. When coughing, sputum with blood is observed. Accompanied by dry mouth, a feeling of a lump in the throat.
Diphtheria. The causative agent is a bacterial infection. There are former lumps, the localization of which passes from the tonsils to the larynx. They clog the ligaments, which leads to difficulty breathing and loss of voice.
Atrophic. It usually appears in adults. With this form, the mucous layer of the larynx becomes thinner. It is accompanied by frequent bouts of dry cough, sometimes with sputum discharge with blood particles. Doctors are sure that the causative agent is spicy, fatty and salty foods.

In the photo below you can see the differences between the viral and bacterial forms of inflammation:

Advice. The structure of the muscles of the larynx must be in a normal state in order to perform its immediate functions. Its inflammation brings discomfort and pain to the patient, so timely treatment will relieve discomfort and eliminate the risk of developing severe pathologies in the future.

Treatment

You need to start treatment only after the diagnosis is established, you need to remember that self-medication can lead to the development of serious diseases. For an accurate diagnosis, the patient should first of all consult a doctor and do tests to display the entire clinical picture.

Based on the results of the examination of the body, the doctor will recommend which drugs for sore throat will be more effective for this disease.

Self help for sore throat

Measures to eliminate discomfort in the respiratory tract can be carried out independently. There are some conditions for this, namely: the disease does not have a bacterial origin, there will be no complications from self-help, there will be a significant therapeutic effect.

If the throat is inflamed, only the doctor will tell you what to do first. When this is not possible, you can remember a few simple rules of behavior.

Table 1: Self-help methods for a sore throat:

No. p / p	Types of independent therapeutic measures	Execution conditions
1.	Exercise control over breathing	Inhale air strictly through the nose. This will help moisturize, cleanse and warm it.
2.	Treat the sinuses and passages. Eliminate adenoids, chronic rhinitis and sinusitis	With inflammatory processes in the nasal cavity, the pathogenic microflora will definitely go further to the throat
3.	Systematic toothbrush replacement	Replacement is necessary, especially after an illness of the oral cavity and throat.
4.	Sweets restriction	Carbohydrates support a breeding ground for pathogenic microflora, even if the throat does not hurt, but is inflamed.
5.	Speech restriction	Excessive tension of the vocal cords only worsens the situation.
6.	Gargling with folk remedies	A good effect is observed from decoctions of medicinal herbs
7.	Increase fluid intake	The drink must be warm. Excessively hot or cold can worsen the condition
8.	Rejection of bad habits	Tobacco smoking may be the main reason why an adult's throat is constantly sore
9.	Maintaining optimal indoor humidity	The indoor climate, especially in the bedroom, should have a 60% humidity level. This is relevant in winter, when radiators dry the air.
10.	Elimination of allergens	Irritants can be: house dust, animal hair, plant pollen, including indoor, aerosols, cosmetics, toothpaste. Household chemicals, medicines

Throat medication

Attention!!! Before proceeding to therapeutic measures of the upper respiratory tract, various drugs, it is still worth visiting a doctor. It must be remembered that if the inflammatory process is serious enough, local preparations may not completely get rid of the problem.

In this case, antibiotics are indicated. They are prescribed both intramuscularly in the form of injections, and as a tablet form inside. Antibiotics are prescribed strictly after the examination and only by a doctor.

The following drugs are considered the most effective as local means of influence:

Grammidin.

It is an antibacterial drug that has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect in the oral cavity and pharynx. It almost does not cause addictive microflora, perfectly cleanses the oral cavity, due to increased salivation. The instructions for the drug indicate that it is contraindicated in pregnancy.

Bioparox.

The release form of the product is an aerosol with a metered injection. Active against microbes causing rhinitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, laryngitis. Contraindicated under the age of 3 years and breastfeeding. After application, an unpleasant aftertaste, burning, dryness and even coughing are felt in the oral cavity. After a while, this reaction disappears completely.

Stomangin.

The drug has a dual effect, as it contains an antibiotic and an antiseptic. It is used for all bacterial lesions of the throat mucosa. Classical contraindications: pregnancy, breastfeeding, allergic reaction.

Septolete.

An antiseptic used as a symptomatic treatment. Effective in the initial stages of angina, inflammation of the gums, the entire oral mucosa. Not recommended for children under 4 years old.

Sebedin.

Antiseptic affects almost all microbes of the respiratory tract. Successfully used for infectious lesions of the throat mucosa. The drug can cause nausea, abdominal pain, taste disturbances. With prolonged use, it changes the color of fillings and prostheses.

Laripront.

The tool has a complex effect, namely:

Antiviral;
Mucolytic;
Antimicrobial;
fungistatic;
Anti-inflammatory;

The drug is allowed to be taken during pregnancy. Successfully fights against painful flora and hoarseness. The average price of this unique tool is about 200 rubles.

rinses

The most popular and safe are herbal preparations, from which decoctions are made. You can make them yourself at home.

A good rinsing effect is observed from the use of a decoction consisting of chamomile, calendula and eucalyptus. The mixture is poured with boiling water, filtered. Allow to cool and gargle several times a day.

St. John's wort can be added to the same herbs. Another effective recipe helps relieve sore throat using wormwood. Plantain and calendula.

But how to gargle a sore throat, if folk remedies do not help:

Furacilin (see), its characteristics are as follows:

is a universal antiseptic;
shown to persons of different age groups;
a positive effect is observed even with severe lesions of the throat;
easy to use (to prepare a solution, 2 tablets are dissolved in warm water).

Miramistin (see).

Available as a solution or spray. It has a pronounced antibacterial effect. It is recommended to use in consultation with the doctor.

Malavit.

Can be used in childhood by dissolving a few drops of the product in an ode. It is a natural product with antiseptic activity.

Chlorophyllipt.

Ready-made rinse solution is available for sale. It has a pronounced disinfectant and anti-inflammatory effect. It is prescribed at any age, as it is made on a natural basis.

What to do if the throat is inflamed, and there is no way to visit a doctor?

From the very first manifestations of the disease, inhalations should be started. This is an old and proven way to deal with inflammation of the respiratory tract. To do this, you can use almost any antiseptic solution according to the instructions.

The procedure is best done using a special apparatus. It will help to deliver the required amount of medicinal particles into the respiratory tract.

If such an apparatus is not available, you can use, for example, a teapot for tea, inhaling therapeutic vapors through its spout. The duration of the manipulation should be at least 10 minutes. breathing is usually necessary without deep breaths. A contraindication is the presence of fever.

If the throat is constantly inflamed, and the problem does not recede after all the methods of treatment, you should consult a doctor again. In this case, additional research is needed to identify the cause and replace the main therapeutic effect.

Inflammation of the larynx is otherwise called laryngitis. This disease develops due to a fungal, viral, or more often bacterial infection. Inflammation of the throat can be observed in both children and adults. But in children, the symptoms and treatment are somewhat different; in childhood, the disease progresses rapidly and can lead to various complications that can even threaten the life of the child. Inflammation of the throat almost always occurs in an acute form, which can be delayed for several days, but there is also a chronic one, which is characterized by a long course, exacerbations and frequent recurrence of the disease.

Laryngitis can also be of non-infectious origin, for example, it often occurs in smokers, after severe tension of the vocal cords, with hypothermia, due to alcohol abuse, if a person constantly breathes polluted air or inhales gases that irritate the mucous membrane of the larynx.

Symptoms of laryngitis

Symptoms of a sore throat can be noticed in the early stages of the disease. The voice changes - it becomes deaf and hoarse, the patient complains of pain when swallowing, if you examine the throat, you can visually see redness, the temperature rises, a cough occurs.

These symptoms may appear one at a time or all at once. It depends on the cause of laryngitis. If the disease is provoked by SARS or any other infectious disease, then the symptoms occur all at the same time, and if laryngitis is caused by other causes - toxic substances or smoking, then the first symptoms will be a sore throat and cough. Catarrhal laryngitis begins with a sore throat, all other signs join later.

Classification of pathology

There are several forms of acute laryngitis:

Causes of the disease

As already mentioned, laryngitis can have an infectious and non-infectious origin. Almost all pathogens that can damage the throat area can cause sore throat. Laryngitis can be a consequence of measles, whooping cough, scarlet fever, diphtheria.

The disease can provoke the reflux of acidic contents from the stomach into the larynx, as happens with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Also, laryngitis occurs against the background of allergic processes or with chronic diseases of the tonsils, nose, and oral cavity. With age, atrophy of the laryngeal muscles occurs, which also contributes to the occurrence of laryngitis.

The disease can be caused by a foreign body in the larynx or trauma, inhalation of air through the mouth when it is impossible to breathe through the nose, dusty and polluted air, cold food and drink, smoking, tension of the vocal cords. Laryngitis is considered an occupational disease of teachers, lecturers, singers, announcers.

Diagnosis of the disease

For adequate treatment, the patient must consult a doctor. The doctor will conduct an examination, listen to the symptoms and complaints of the patient, and only after that will establish a diagnosis and prescribe treatment. The use of an endoscope or laryngoscope is indicated only in difficult situations, most often it is enough for a specialist to simply examine the patient's throat.

In childhood, inflammation of the larynx can be confused with diphtheria, so it is very important not to prescribe treatment on your own, but to call a doctor. With the help of an instrumental examination, a specialist will be able to detect swelling, redness, changes in the vascular pattern, notice hemorrhages in the mucous membrane, determine the thickening of the vocal cords and their incomplete closure during phonation.

Acute laryngitis

Acute laryngitis, false croup is a disease that is very common in children under 5 years of age. The most dangerous acute laryngitis in the first two years of a child's life, because the body's resistance is still low, and the immune system is still being formed. Swelling and narrowing of the glottis can provoke a sharp violation of the respiratory process. This process is facilitated by allergies, humidity, high temperature in the room, as well as the anatomical structure of the children's larynx - the lumen is quite narrow, and the connective tissue is loose.

In children, the disease begins abruptly and most often at night. Symptoms develop rapidly, the baby can go to bed healthy, and wake up at night from the inability to breathe. The swelling increases very quickly and can lead to suffocation. The first sign of laryngitis is a rough cough that resembles barking. The child's breathing is very difficult, noises and whistles are heard. As a result, cyanosis of the mucous membranes and nails may appear. As for the increase in temperature, during an attack, it is most often not observed. The attack can last from a couple of minutes to half an hour, then the child begins to breathe more calmly, strong sweat appears, the child calms down.

Complications of laryngitis

In the acute form, complications can be swelling of the larynx, the process can spread further and lead to tonsillitis or bronchitis, stenosis can occur - narrowing of the larynx, and there is even a risk of developing both benign and malignant lesions of the larynx.

Laryngitis can lead to purulent inflammation, cervical phlegmon, lung abscess, sepsis.

The chronic form can cause the larynx to lose its mobility, resulting in irreversible hoarseness and constant shortness of breath.

Inflammatory processes in the back of the throat

Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the back of the throat. The disease most often occurs as a result of infection in the larynx, the cold will provoke the development of pathology. A visual examination shows that the back wall of the larynx is red and there is swelling. Mucus flows down the throat, which irritates the throat, as a result of which the patient coughs a lot and sneezes constantly.

Pharyngitis can be non-infectious, for example, in children it can develop as a result of a foreign object getting into the throat that injures the mucous membrane, as for adults, it can be, for example, injured by a mucous fish bone.

With a pharyngeal abscess, purulent inflammation occurs, it can be assumed that a boil has appeared there. With purulent infections, the patient feels severe pain, in addition, an unpleasant odor is felt from the mouth.

Provoking factors can be weak immunity, hypothermia, beriberi, bad habits, fungal infections, herpes. In children, it can be teething, stomatitis.

Symptoms of pharyngitis are sore throat, runny nose, high fever, pain when swallowing, coughing and sneezing, headache, swollen lymph nodes in the neck. On examination, reddening of the tonsils, swelling of the mucosa, there may be a yellow or white coating (with a fungal infection). The patient's voice may change, breathing is difficult.

Treatment of an inflamed larynx

The main goal on which treatment is based is the elimination of provocative factors. It is desirable to provide the patient with voice rest, do not smoke, exclude sour, spicy, hot, cold from the diet. Drinking should be only warm and plentiful, the throat should also be gargled only with warm solutions, warming compresses can be put on the neck.

Antibiotics are prescribed if the disease is caused by a bacterium. Most often, these are drugs of the penicillin series and cephalosporins. When coughing, you should take antitussives, such as Codeine. Ambroxol will help sputum to move away faster. Suprastin or another antihistamine is necessary to eliminate the allergic provocateur.

To relieve pain symptoms, you can use Otrivin spray or lubricate the back wall with Lugol's solution. There are various lozenges for sucking, children love them very much, but it is not advisable to give them to children without a doctor's recommendation.

At temperatures above 38 ° C, you should drink any antipyretic, children can be given Paracetamol suppositories.

If the situation is not critical, then inflammatory processes in the larynx can be treated with folk methods. Gargle with chamomile, oregano, mint, sage. Do inhalations with eucalyptus, hot boiled potatoes, drink medicinal teas - rose hips, chamomile, lemon balm, licorice. The throat can be gargled with solutions of soda and salt. The main thing is to ensure that all drinking and rinsing solutions are warm, not hot or cold.

With an attack of false croup in a child, urgent measures must be taken. The first step is to call an ambulance and, before it arrives, make the child's condition as easy as possible: open the window so that the air in the room is fresh, put another pillow under the child's back so that he is reclining - it will be easier to breathe. You can do a warm inhalation.

To avoid infectious inflammation of the larynx, it is necessary to strengthen the immune system, gradually harden. To prevent a non-infectious form, it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle, get rid of bad habits, drink only warm drinks, do not overstrain the ligaments, and ventilate contaminated rooms. Do not self-medicate, especially when children are sick.

Inflammation of the throat often causes physical discomfort. Quite often, patients associate this symptom with a "cold" and try to treat it.

However, it is worth remembering that the throat can be inflamed for reasons. Successful treatment tactics directly depend on competent diagnosis.

Sore throat: the main causes of pain

A sore throat is a disease of infectious and non-infectious origin. More often we are talking about the first etiological group.

infectious

What caused a sore throat? Often, acute tonsillitis is immediately suggested. Angina is an inflammation of the lymphoid tissue of the pharyngeal ring.

The main etiological factor is a bacterial infection, rarely a viral one. Primary types of angina according to I.B. Soldatov:

Catarrh. The tonsils are edematous, hyperemic, but not covered with plaque.
Lacunar. There are areas of yellowish, easily removable plaque that do not go beyond the tonsils.
Follicular. Inflammation of the follicle is accompanied by an accumulation of pus.
Ulcerative membranous. There is a dirty green coating on the tonsils, a putrid smell comes from the mouth. It often occurs in people with severe immunodeficiency.

We can talk about diphtheria, which has a special contagiousness and a tendency to complications.

One of the differences lies in the properties of plaque: the diphtheria film is difficult to remove, it is not rubbed with a spatula and does not dissolve in water.

Severe pain occurs with epiglottitis. The symptom is due to bacterial inflammation of the epiglottis and surrounding soft tissues.

The mucosa can be affected by a fungal infection. Especially often candidiasis occurs in people with diabetes, patients with HIV. Against the background of the reddened surface of the mucosa, areas of the film with a curdled consistency are observed.

Non-infectious

What can cause a sore throat if it's not an infection? The reason often lies in acute non-purulent thyroiditis, or inflammation of the thyroid gland.

Sometimes pathology is a complication radiation therapy, a consequence of trauma. It is worth remembering that thyroiditis also occurs against the background of a bacterial infection, for example, with pneumonia.

Can mimic ENT pathology diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. For example, the throat “burns” when hydrochloric acid is thrown from the stomach into the esophagus (reflux esophagitis).

Initially, a non-infectious cause of the lesion can be leukemia. Against the background of a sharp decrease in immunity in such patients, severe tonsillitis occurs with foci of necrosis.

Additional symptoms should raise suspicions: signs of anemia, increased bleeding of blood vessels.

Myocardial infarction is rare, but can be accompanied by discomfort in the throat. The atypical picture is usually supplemented by more common signs: the patient bakes extremely strongly behind the sternum, pain radiates to the left arm and / or lower jaw.

Pain may appear against the background of a pronounced deficiency of certain vitamins, for example, B2. Pathology is accompanied by a painful burning sensation in the tongue, but proceeds without temperature.
Source: site Moderate pain, a feeling of a lump in the throat are sometimes observed in the background cervical osteochondrosis. Such symptoms are due to a functional disorder, therefore, it does not pose a danger to life.

However, it is worth remembering that a similar clinical picture

Other reasons

Chronic inflammation of the throat and larynx is observed in people whose professions are associated with a high load on the vocal apparatus. For example, we are talking about teachers, singers.

An infrequent but persistent cause of discomfort in the throat is galvanism. It is caused by the action of electric currents formed in the mouth after the installation of prostheses made of dissimilar metals. As a rule, patients are constantly worried about the sour taste, increased salivation.

The throat is hyperemic, but does not hurt in smokers. They are often worried about perspiration and Irritating effects may have food (too cold or hot), alcoholic beverages.

A banal, but often overlooked cause of the symptom in question is foreign objects. One example is mucosal injury when swallowing a fish bone.

Inflammation of the back of the throat

It's about pharyngitis. In 9 out of 10 cases, acute mucosal irritation is caused by a viral infection. In the absence of bacterial complications, such a pathology is meaningless to treat with antibiotics.

A patient who has an inflamed posterior pharyngeal wall may be disturbed by: pain during meals, perspiration, "scratching", a desire to cough. For viral pharyngitis, the formation of films on the mucosa is not characteristic.

Intense pain, hyperthermia up to 40 ° C are disturbing with an abscess of the pharyngeal space. On the inflamed wall of the pharynx, a protrusion area (a place of accumulation of pus) is found.

The disease can be eliminated only surgically, by opening an abscess followed by antibiotic therapy.

Red spots in the throat

This symptom requires the exclusion of a number of highly contagious infectious diseases. The main ones are:

Measles;
Rubella;
Scarlet fever;
Meningitis;
Mononucleosis;
Herpetic lesion.

To understand the genesis of the rash on the mucosa, you should pay attention to the main symptoms. For example, rubella and scarlet fever are characterized by damage to the skin.

what does a sore throat look like

With meningitis, there are signs of pathology of the central nervous system: severe headache, photophobia.

It's not always about infection. Small red spots on the mucosa can also occur with allergies.

What to do? The appearance of any rash requires a visit to a specialist. Full differential diagnosis is possible only in a medical institution.

Inflammation of the throat ligaments: laryngitis

It can be acute and chronic. The disease is most often caused by a viral infection. The mucous membrane of the larynx is prone to inflammation and under the influence of atypical pathogens, for example, with chlamydia.

Pain is not a pathognomonic symptom of laryngitis. A hoarse voice and a barking cough will reliably testify in favor of the diagnosis.

Inflammation of the lymph nodes in the throat: symptoms

Lymphatic tissue is part of the immune system. It acts as a "barrier" for an infectious agent. Focusing on which lymph nodes are inflamed, you can detect the primary lesion.

In acute tonsillitis, the submandibular lymph nodes are often affected. They increase, become painful to the touch. Proper treatment of angina leads to the disappearance of signs of lymphadenitis.

Damage to the cervical, submandibular, anterior ear lymph nodes can indicate adenovirus infection. The tonsils of the oropharynx, as a rule, are significantly enlarged.

Adenovirus infection is characterized by a combination of lymphadenitis and conjunctivitis against the background of moderate intoxication.

A significant increase in the cervical, as well as nodes in other areas accessible to palpation, requires the exclusion of infectious mononucleosis.

The disease is accompanied by severe sore throat, fever. Mononucleosis is characterized by enlargement of the liver and spleen.

Changing the size of several groups of lymph nodes at once requires a visit to a doctor. The same applies to situations with long-term preservation of lymphadenopathy.

Sore throat in a child

The detection of throat symptoms in young children requires special attention. This is due to age-related features of development.

When searching for the causes of inflammation, the debut of a “childhood” infection should be excluded. Especially characteristic for this age: measles, rubella, scarlet fever.

In order not to be mistaken with the diagnosis, it is necessary to show the child to the doctor. Due to the loss of time for self-treatment, cases of complications of diseases, even the death of children, are often recorded.

Remember! No informational article can replace a full examination by a specialist.

Which doctor should I contact? Where to go for diagnostics?

The tactics of finding the cause of pain will largely depend on the symptoms. If the pathology does not require emergency care, you can start by visiting the clinic.

In the vast majority of situations, a sore throat requires, however, it is not always possible to directly address it. Currently, an appointment with narrow specialists is carried out mainly after examination by a therapist.

This doctor determines whether there are indeed indications for visiting an otolaryngologist. In doubtful cases, he can additionally refer to other doctors, for example, a gastroenterologist, a surgeon.

If there is inflammation in the throat of a child, you should consult a pediatrician. If you suspect a contagious disease (measles, chickenpox, rubella), the doctor should be called to the house.

In emergency situations, an ambulance call is indicated. Specialists will conduct an examination and, if necessary, take you to the right hospital (for example, an infectious diseases hospital).

How to remove a sore throat? How to help quickly?

Actions directly depend on the cause of the symptom. There are no "instant" ways to cure a throat. Relatively quickly, you can only reduce the severity of pain.

How to remove swelling of the tonsils in acute tonsillitis, pharyngitis? To remove discomfort, it is recommended to gargle with a solution of salt and soda (1 teaspoon per glass of warm boiled water).

The first component reduces swelling, and the second helps to soothe the inflamed mucosa.

A little relieves the pain of sore throat, pharyngitis warm milk with honey. If the child's throat is inflamed, it is better to exclude the second component (the risk of allergies is high).

How to treat a sore throat? Medicines

As mentioned above, the choice of drugs directly depends on the etiology of the disease. For example, bacterial inflammation requires antibiotics. Local therapy (irrigation of the throat, rinsing) refers to auxiliary.

Sprays

With acute tonsillitis in an adult, Stopangin is suitable. The tool has an analgesic, antiseptic effect.

With an infectious lesion of the throat in a child, it does not smell, does not cause burning. The spray is recommended to be used only after the prior permission of the doctor.

syrups

This dosage form is mostly used for the treatment of cough. Gerbion syrup with plantain will help alleviate discomfort and reduce dry cough. The tool is permissible to appoint children from 2 years.

Lollipops, lozenges

As an antiseptic that reduces sore throat, Strepsils is suitable. The drug is approved for patients older than 5 years.

For adults and children from 3 years of age, Lyzobact sucking tablets are shown. They can also be used by pregnant women.

Antibiotics for sore throat in adults

The type of agent used depends on the type of infectious agent. Since the results of studies come relatively late, therapy is started with broad-spectrum drugs. Most used means:

Azithromycin (Sumamed);
Amoxicillin (including protected by clavulanic acid Amkoslav and Augmentin);
Co-trimoxazole (Biseptol).

Attention! The drugs are listed for informational purposes only. Indications for prescribing an antibiotic

Treatment at home with folk remedies

The use of this group of prescriptions can be considered as an auxiliary, but not the main therapy. Folk remedies for sore throat are mainly represented by natural antiseptics.

At home, tea with a small amount of ginger and lemon is acceptable. Both ingredients help to suppress the growth of pathogens in pharyngitis, tonsillitis. It is worth remembering their potential allergenicity.

Chamomile tea has a mild antiseptic effect. The tool helps to soften the throat with perspiration.

What is the best way to gargle with inflammation?

As mentioned above, an adult can use a solution based on salt and soda. This is one of the recipes that help reduce swelling of the mucosa.

A relatively “universal” rinse is a solution of furacilin. Proportions: 1 tablet (20 mg) per 100 ml of boiled water. The drug is almost not absorbed into the blood when applied externally, so it can be prescribed to a child.

For rinsing, you can use solutions based on chamomile, sage. To reduce a sore throat, use the following recipe: 2 tablespoons of vegetable raw materials are added to hot water, let it brew. Rinsing is carried out 3 times daily.

Attention

To cure a sore throat, symptomatic therapy alone is not enough. It is always necessary to look for the cause of the pathology.

It should be understood that even banal pharyngitis can be the “tip of the iceberg” of a serious somatic disease.

Knowledge of the numerous causes of sore throat should not be a cause for panic, but for a more attentive attitude to one's own health.

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The functions performed by the pharynx are quite diverse: it is involved in the process of digestion (swallowing food), respiration and voice formation. Therefore, any inflammatory processes that affect the throat affect the functioning of the whole organism as a whole. Not to mention the significant discomfort that the patient experiences with inflammation of the pharynx. What types of pharyngitis are distinguished and how to properly treat the disease in order to prevent the development of complications?

Pharyngitis: classification

Pharyngitis is one of the most common diseases of the pharynx, manifested in inflammation of the mucous membranes of the pharynx and its lymphatic tissues. Patients often confuse the manifestations of angina with pharyngitis and begin to treat a completely different ailment. However, you should be aware that with angina, the inflammatory process extends to the tonsils, and pharyngitis affects the mucous membrane.

Despite the fact that pathology has only two forms of development, there are quite a lot of varieties of this disease. In most cases, the disease develops along with other diseases, so the causes of its occurrence must be identified among them: injuries, colds, caries, sinusitis, rhinitis, etc.

Classification of pharyngitis

There are two forms of pharyngitis: acute and chronic. The acute type develops as an independent pathology, however, sometimes it can be accompanied by an infectious disease (chickenpox, measles, etc.) or SARS. This type of pharyngitis occurs after eating spicy or hot food, hypothermia, and also as a result of the fact that a person has inhaled dust or fumes. The classification of acute pharyngitis is determined by the type of pathogen.

There are the following types of illness:

The course of chronic pharyngitis is less pronounced, there are no signs such as a feeling of weakness, fatigue, and fever. The mucus formed in the larynx interferes with normal coughing, as a result of which a person is constantly tormented by coughing.

If chronic pharyngitis is not treated for a long time, the disease flows into one of three forms: catarrhal, atrophic or hypertrophic.

catarrhal form is the most common type of pharyngitis. Its appearance is due to the penetration into the throat of pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

Infections are the main cause of pharyngitis, both acute and chronic. According to statistics, in 70% of cases, the main pathogens are viruses. A pathogenic virus, as a rule, is associated not only with the respiratory organs. In fact, the source of infection may be in the stomach, intestines and other organs. For example, in adults, the infection is often localized in the genitourinary system. Therefore, among the causative agents of pharyngitis, there are gonorrheal, chlamydial and candidal types of harmful microorganisms. The initially emerging viral factor further provokes the development of a bacterial lesion.

Hypertrophic form due to the secondary growth of the mucous membrane on the old areas, as a result of which the doctor reveals granules or rollers on the back of the pharynx.

At atrophic form sections of the mucosa atrophy, and the whole process is accompanied by a feeling of perspiration and dryness in the throat. With timely treatment, the symptoms of the disease increase.

Causes of the disease

Pharyngitis usually develops as a result of the following factors:

development of inflammatory and catarrhal processes;
excessive consumption of ice cream;
hypothermia;
viral or fungal infection;
hormonal disruptions;
decreased immunity;
endocrine disorders.

Chronic pharyngitis, as a rule, affects people employed in hazardous industries, as well as heavy smokers.

In addition, the development of the disease can provoke such factors:

caries;
regular consumption of spicy, salty and spicy foods;
chronic diseases of the stomach, provoking belching, heartburn;
absence of tonsils or their inflammation;
inflammatory processes of a purulent nature in the sinuses of the nose;
prolonged use of vasoconstrictor drugs.

All of the above reasons for the development of pharyngitis are characteristic, mainly for the adult population. Children from 0 to 5 years of age have very weak immune defenses, so viruses and bacterial infections are the main culprits in the development of the disease. In addition, a child may develop pharyngitis against the background of advanced form of tonsillitis, rhinitis, laryngitis and other chronic diseases of the nasopharynx.

Pharyngitis: symptoms and treatment

Acute pharyngitis manifested by the following symptoms:

For chronic pharyngitis body temperature, as a rule, does not rise. Patients report the following symptoms:

dry throat;
perspiration;
burning, scratching, or tickling sensation in the throat;
cough;
pain when swallowing;
the need for constant expectoration of viscous mucus.

Symptoms atrophic pharyngitis manifested by severe dryness of the throat. The mucous membrane of the pharynx is thinned, in some cases it is covered with dried mucus. Sometimes, injected vessels can be seen on the mucosa. With hypertrophic pharyngitis, foci of hyperplastic lymphoid tissue are observed on the back of the pharynx. An increase in tubopharyngeal ridges is also possible. In the event of an exacerbation of the disease, edema of the mucous membrane, hyperemia joins the above symptoms.

In children, in addition to a constant dry cough with chronic pharyngitis, there is such a sign as wheezing. Therefore, when diagnosing, a specialist must accurately differentiate a similar condition with bronchial asthma. The method of treatment is determined by the cause of the development of the disease, so self-medication is not worth it.

Signs of pharyngitis in children

In babies, the course of pharyngitis is very difficult, especially for children under one year old. Sometimes in babies with acute pharyngitis body temperature rises to critical levels(40 degrees). Due to severe pain in the affected throat, the child refuses to eat food. Swelling of the mucous membrane can cause an asthma attack. Often, an inflammatory process in the pharynx in a child can lead to the development acute otitis media.

In no case do not try to treat the baby yourself, as this can lead to serious consequences. At the first symptoms of acute pharyngitis, the child must be urgently hospitalized.

Possible Complications

Although pharyngitis is not considered a dangerous disease, nevertheless, in the absence of timely and adequate treatment, rather serious complications may develop, among which the following can be noted:

Chronical bronchitis;
laryngitis;
acute articular rheumatism;
perintosillar abscess, the development of which is due to streptococcal pharyngitis;
tracheitis.

With chronic pharyngitis, the timbre of the voice changes. In addition, a person's quality of life decreases, as he is deprived of the opportunity for long-term communication due to the appearance of symptoms such as a scratchy and dry throat.

Treatment

In the treatment of pharyngitis, first of all, medications are prescribed, the action of which is aimed at relieving the symptoms of an exacerbation of the disease. Today, the pharmacological industry has an extensive list of drugs that can cope with the disease on an outpatient basis.

Treatment with medicines should be started only after an examination by an ENT doctor, who will make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe appropriate therapy.

Principles of treatment of the disease

The method of treatment of the disease is determined by the type and stage of pharyngitis.

With a mild form of the disease complex therapy is not required. It is only necessary to carry out local treatment and take preventive measures.

Preventive measures in this case are to eliminate external provoking factors. Of no small importance is the rejection of bad habits, rational nutrition, as well as limiting exposure to the cold.

In later stages of pharyngitis an integrated approach is needed, which consists in conducting antibacterial or antiviral therapy. In addition, the following steps are taken:

strengthening the immune system and tissue repair;
symptomatic therapy (painkillers, anti-inflammatory and other medications);
exclusion of possible relapses of exacerbation;
disease prevention.

Therapeutic measures include physiotherapy, local therapy (solutions, compresses, lozenges, therapeutic sprays, etc.), drug therapy (tablets, injections), restorative measures.

Drug therapy for inflammation of the pharynx

With advanced forms of the disease, drug therapy is used, the action of which is aimed at eliminating the pathogen and resolving purulent formations. The complex method with the simultaneous use of drugs of the following types showed the greatest efficiency:

vitamin complexes;
sulfonamides;
antibiotics that act on a certain type of pathogen.

The following medications are used to suppress streptococci:

In combination with these antibiotics, tablet preparations with antihistamine properties are prescribed: Diazolin, Suprastin. As well as antifungal agents: Nystatin, Livolin, Ketoconazole. To restore immunity - Cycloferon, Levamisole, Immunal.

The acute course of pharyngitis requires the use of medications that help reduce inflammatory activity and relieve pain. For this purpose, drugs such as Naproxen, Ibuprofen or Paracetamol are prescribed.

Local therapy

Particular attention in the treatment of pharyngitis is given to local therapy, which uses drugs in the form of lozenges, lozenges, aerosols, inhalations and solutions for gargling. The composition of therapeutic agents includes sulfonamides, antibiotics (Framycetin, Fuzafungin), vitamins (ascorbic acid), anesthetic components (menthol, tetracaine, lidocaine), essential oils, antiseptics (alcohols, iodine-containing compounds, benzydamine, Timol, Chlorhexidine, Ambazole).

Recently, agents based on plant extracts, bacterial lysates (Imudon), synthesized components that protect the mucous membrane (Interferon, Lysozyme) have been widely used. Also, in the local therapy of pharyngitis, sprays (aerosols) are widely used. Such drugs have analgesic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties of local action. The composition of the aerosol must be kept in the mouth until swallowed with saliva for at least three minutes.

Ingalipt. Product based on thymol, sulfanilamide, mint and eucalyptus oils.
Theraflu Lar based on benzoxonium chloride and lidocaine.
Tantum Verde. The basis of the drug is benzydamine hydrochloride. The product is available in the form of aerosols and lozenges. Especially effective for viral pathogens.
Cameton. The composition of the drug includes eucalyptus oil, levomenthol, camphor and chlorobutanol.
Hexoral spray. The active substance is hexetidine.
Stopangin. Contains essential oils of plant origin, Hexetidine, Levomenthol.

Very easy to use topical preparations in the form of lozenges, lozenges and lozenges. Their composition and effectiveness are similar to sprays.

Inhalations and gargles for the throat

A good therapeutic effect was shown by inhalations and solutions for gargling, which include antibiotics together with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory substances.

Among the most popular compositions are the following:

Evkalimin. Solution based on eucalyptus extract. Used for inhalation.
Bioparox. Fusafungine-based solution. Used for inhalation.
Rotakan and Vokadin - solutions for rinsing.

Timely treatment of pharyngitis and compliance with all the doctor's recommendations will allow you to quickly cope with the disease and avoid possible complications.

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